TEXTILES

IT IS ANY KIND OF FABRIC MADE FROM

WEAVING, KNITTING, NON WOVEN, CROCHETING BRAIDING OR MACRAME OUT OF FIBERS

IT ALSO REFERS TO THREADS, YARNS, WOOLS

THAT CAN BE SPUNNED OR TUFTED, TIED OR OTHERWISE USE TO MANUFACTURE CLOTH.

TEXTILES IN FASHION
IT IS THE RAW MATERIAL FOR GARMENTS
IT IS ALSO REQUIRED FOR UPHOLSTERY,

BEDDING, CURTAINS ETC. IT IS ALSO USED FOR BAGS & SHOES. IT IS ALSO USED IN FASTENERS LIKE BELTS, ZIPS, BUTTONS, TAGS & LABELS. TO MAKE A UNIQUE PIECE OF CREATION A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF TEXTILES IS REQUIRED.

TRIMMING INDUSTRY
IT IS A SECONDARY SUPPLY USED TO COMPLETE A

GARMENT. TO A GREATER EXTENT, THE TRIMMING INDUSTRY IS TREATED AS AN EXTENSION OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY HAVING SIMILAR PRODUCTION & MAKING PROCEDURES.

 TRIMMINGS ARE USED TO FINISH AND ADORN

BOTH GARMENTS & THE ACCESSORIES. THE TRIMS ARE PURCHASED BY THE FABRIC MAKERS OR TRIM BUYERS. TRIMMINGS APPLIED TO THE GARMENTS MUST HAVE THE SAME CARE PROPERTIES AS THE FABRIC USED IN THE GARMENT.

TYPES
FOR WOMEN- LACES, RIBBONS, BUTTONS ETC.
FOR MEN- INTERFACINGS, TAPES, ELASTIC ETC.

ELASTIC
THESE HAVE WIDE APPLICATION IN SWIM WEAR,

UNDERWEAR, ACTIVE WEAR ETC. THE MAIN FUNCTION OF ELASTICS IN THE GARMENT IS EASE IN DRESSING IN COMFORT APPAREL. IT IS MADE FROM SPANDEX WHICH IS ALSO REFFERED AS MAN MADE RUBBER. THE ELASTIC STRANDS ARE WRAPPED WITH POLYESTER, COTTON OR ACETATE.

ELASTIC BANDS

IN GARMENTS

INTERFACINGS
IT IS USED FOR STRUCTURING & SUPPORTING IN

JACKETS & COATS. THE INTERFACING ARE APPLIED AS A LAYER OF FABRIC BETWEEN THE GARMENT & FABRIC; & ITS FACING FABRIC. IT IS ALSO USED IN COLLARS, LAPELS, CUFFS, POCKETS ETC. MOSTLY MADE OF LINEN, BURLAP OR HORSEHAIR.

BUCKRAM

FUSING

CAN CAN

PADDING FOR WARM CLOTHES

PADDED TEXTILES

PADDING FOR DIFFERENT USES

NARROW FABRICS
THESE INCLUDE RIBBONS, BRAIDS AND OTHER

DECORATIVE BANDS, WHICH MAY BE WOVEN OR KNITTED. THESE HAVE EITHER FUNCTIONAL OR DECORATIVE USE.

RIBBONS

CORDS & BRAIDED BANDS

FASTENERS
THE FASTENERS HAVE FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE

THAN THE DECORATIVE FUNCTION. THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FASTENERS ARE ZIPPERS, BUTTONS, VELCRO, HOOK AND LOOP FASTENERS.

VELCRO
VELCRO IS A POPULAR MEANS OF FASTENING.
IT IS OF DIFFERENT TYPES VELCRO IS MADE OF MAN MADE FIBRES. IT HAS TWO PORTIONS ONE WITH BRISTTLES

AND OTHER FUSED

VELCRO

TYPES OF VELCRO

ZIPPERS
ZIP ARE A MODERN WAY OF FASTENING DRESSES,

BAGS, SHOES ETC. ZIPS ARE MADE OF PLASTIC, METAL,STEEL ETC ZIPS CAN BE INVISIBLE, TWO WAY ETC.

TYPES OF ZIPPERS

ZIPPERS

HOOK & EYE

SNAP FASTENERS

TYPES OF SNAP FASTENERS

Laces
IT IS AN OPEN WORK FABRIC WITH OPEN HOLES

IN THE WORK BY HAND OR BY MACHINE. Lace-making is an ancient craft. True lace was not made until the late 15th and early 16th centuries. A true lace is created when a thread is looped, twisted or braided to other threads independently from a backing fabric.

 EARLIER LACE MAKING WAS A DOMESTIC ART,

LATER ON WAS DONE BY NUNS FOR CHURCH CEREMONIES. LACE WAS THEN USED FOR VEILS & OTHER GARMENT APPLICATION. AS THE FASHION SPREAD, A HAND INDUSTRY BROADLY DEVELOPED AMONG THE EUROPEAN CITIES. LACES WERE VERY POPULAR IN THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD. THIS INITIATED THE RISE OF FRENCH LACE INDUSTRY TO EMINENCE.

TYPES OF HANDMADE LACES

BOBBIN OR PILLOW LACE
CROCHETED LACE DARNED LACE NEEDLEPOINT LACE TATTING LACE MACRAME LACE

BOBBIN OR PILLOW LACE

A PATTERN IS DRAWN ON PAPER WHICH IS THEN

PLACED ON THE PILLOW & HELD WITH PINS SET INTO IT IN CONFORMITY WITH THE DESIGN. A NUMBER OF THREADS, EACH ON ITS OWN BOBBIN, ARE INTERLACED BY TWISTING & PLAITING AROUND THE PINS TO PRODUCE THE MOTIF IN A MESH CONSTRUCTION.

BOBBIN LACE

CROCHETED LACE
IT IS MADE WITH A HOOK TO FORM A SERIES OF

LOOPS, EACH ONE OF WHICH IS FINISHED WITH A FINE STITCH.

CROCHETED LACE

DARNED LACE
IT HAS A DESIGN DARNED BY A CHAIN STITCH

ONTO A MESH BACKGROUND. TWO TYPES ANTIQUE LACE- HAS A DARNED LACE PATTERN ON A RECTANGULAR MESH BACKGROUND FILET LACE- HAS A DARNED LACE DESIGN ON A SQUARE MESH BACKGROUND.

DARNED LACE

NEEDLE POINT LACE

IT IS MADE ENTIRELY WITH A SEWING NEEDLE &

THREAD. A DESIGN IS DRAWN ON PAPER, THREAD IS LAID OVER THE DESIGN, AND THE THREAD IS THEN SEWN IN PLACE WITH BUTTON HOLE & BLANKET STITCH

NEEDLE POINT LACE

TATTING LACE
IT IS A KNOTTED LACE MADE WITH THE AID OF A

SMALL SHUTTLE.

TATTING LACE

MACRAME LACE
IT DIFFERS FROM OTHER TYPES OF LACES IN

TEXTURE & APPEARANCE.IT IS GENERALLY MADE OF HEAVY YARN KNOTTED INTO LARGE DESIGNS. IT IS USED FOR WOMENS HATS, HANDBAGS, BELTS & VESTS.

MACRAME LACE

MACHINE MADE LACES

LEAVERS LACE
NOTTINGHAM LACE BOBBIN LACE RASCHEL LACE SCHIFFI LACE

LEAVERS LACE

NOTTINGHAM LACE

RASCHEL LACE

MACHINE MADE LACE

HISTORY OF BUTTONS
Button-like objects have been found in the Indus Valley of ancient Pakistan and date back to around 2000 B.C.E. These were not used for fasteners, but for ornaments. Before they were used for fastening, pins, leather lacing and belts were used to secure clothing. Before buttons could be used as fasteners, the button hole had to be devised. Evidence dates the first button and button hole closure systems to the 13th century in Germany. This may have been a solution to the problem of how to secure clothing that was becoming more and more form-fitting, without having to resort to sharp pins.

HISTORY
The Scovill Manufacturing Company in America made a set of gold

buttons with the profile of George Washington on them that were presented to Marquis de Lafayette during his U.S. visit in 1824. With the increased cost of ivory in the 19th century, button manufacturers began to make them out of a nut from a specific kind of palm tree in South America. This is called vegetable ivory, or corozo. When the nut is dried, it is a very reasonable facsimile for genuine ivory, and is still used today. The first buttons made from celluloid, one of the first types of plastics, were made in the 1860's. Before World War One, most button manufacturing was done in Europe, specifically England. After the war, the United States became the center of button making until modern times.

BUTTONS
In modern clothing and fashion design, a button is small

fastener, most commonly made of plastic, but also frequently of seashell, which secures two pieces of fabric together. In archaeology a button can be a significant artifact. In the applied arts and in craft, a button can be an example of folk art, studio craft, or even a miniature work of art. Buttons are most often attached to articles of clothing but can also be used on containers such as wallets and bags. However, buttons may be sewn onto garments and similar items exclusively for purposes of ornamentation. Buttons serving as fasteners work by slipping through a fabric or thread loop, or by sliding through a buttonhole.

 Types of fabric buttons Covered buttons are fabric-covered forms with a separate back

piece that secures the fabric over the knob. Mandarin buttons or Frogs are knobs made of intricately knotted strings. Mandarin buttons are a key element in Mandarin dress(Qi Pao and cheongsam in Chinese), where they are closed with loops. Pairs of mandarin buttons worn as cuff links are called silk knots. Worked or cloth buttons are created by embroidering or crocheting tight stitches (usually with linen thread) over a knob or ring called a form Metal buttons- made out of metal used for denims, jackets etc. Plastic buttons- made of plastic used for shirts, blouses, tops etc.

FABRIC COVERED BUTTONS

MANDARIN BUTTONS

METAL BUTTONS

PLASTIC BUTTONS

SHELL BUTTONS

MOTHER OF PEARL BUTTONS

IVORY BUTTONS

VEGETABLE IVORY

HORN BUTTONS

BRASS BUTTONS

FANCY BUTTONS

EMBROIDERED BUTTONS

THANK YOU