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n mn hc:
NI DUNG TRNH BY
CC H THNG THNG TIN KHNG DY
3 K THUT OFDM
2
H THNG MIMO
H thng SISO Ch s dng 1 anten pht v 1 anten thu. Thng c s dng trong pht thanh v truyn hnh, cc HT truyn dn v tuyn c nhn nh wifi, bluetooth. Dung lng HT ph thuc vo t s SNR theo cng thc Shannon C= B.log2(1+SNR) bit/s/Hz
CC H THNG THNG TIN KHNG DY H thng MISO S dng nhiu anten pht v 1 anten thu. Phn tp pht s dng m Alamouti -> ci thin cht lng tn hiu. S dng beamforming -> tng hiu sut pht v vng ph. Khi my pht bit thng tin v knh truyn, th dung lng ca HT s tng theo hm logarit ca s anten pht. C =B.log2(1+NT.SNR) bit/s/Hz
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NI DUNG TRNH BY
CC H THNG THNG TIN KHNG DY
3 K THUT OFDM
2
H THNG MIMO
K THUT PHN TP Khi nim Phn tp: L k thut gip cho pha thu (MS,BTS) ci thin cht lng tn hiu thu b suy gim do fading nh vic kt hp tn hiu thu a ng n t cng mt ngun pht. Phn tp c thc hin ti c MS hoc BTS ty cng ngh.
K THUT PHN TP Phn loi Theo cch thc trin khai: Phn tp pht Phn tp thu Theo k thut phn tp: Phn tp khng gian (Space Diversity) Phn tp tn s (Frequency Diversity) Phn tp thi gian (Time Diversity) Phn tp phn cc (Polarization Diversity)
K THUT PHN TP
Phn tp khng gian Tn hiu c truyn trn nhiu ng khc nhau Trong mng hu tuyn: tn hiu c truyn trn nhiu line khc nhau. Trong mng v tuyn: Thng s dng phn tp anten (phn tp pht/thu) l phn tp trn nhiu anten pht/thu (VD: MIMO). Phn tp gn: Khi cc anten t gn nhau khong vi bc sng Phn tp xa: Khi cc anten t cch xa nhau
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K THUT PHN TP Phn tp tn s Tn hiu c truyn trn nhiu tn s khc nhau hoc trn mt di ph tn rng -> b tc ng bi fading la chn tn s.
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K THUT PHN TP Phn tp thi gian Nu truyn cng 1 tn hiu ngoi khong coherent time th ta c th to ra 2 tn hiu c lp -> li tng Nhc im: Ti pha thu phi mt mt khong thi gian x l tn hiu-> Khng thch hp vi cc ng dng thi gian thc.
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K THUT PHN TP Phn tp cc Pht tn hiu trn cc nhnh c tnh phn cc khc nhau (tn hiu c chia u cho cc nhnh) -> cht lng thu gim
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TX
RX
Khong cch gia cc anten trong h thng MIMO thng nh hn bc sng . Beamforming thng c thc hin trong mi trng t tn x.
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TX
RX
Tn dng cc knh truyn song song c c t a anten ti pha pht v pha thu trong h thng MIMO. Cc tn hiu s c pht c lp v ng thi ra cc anten nhm tng dung lng knh truyn m khng cn tng cng sut pht hay tng bng thng h thng.
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TX
RX
Cung cp cho cc b thu cc bn sao tn hiu ging nhau qua cc knh truyn Fading khc nhau. B thu c th la chn hay kt hp hay kt hp cc bn sao tn hiu ny gim thiu tc sai bit BER, chng Fading qua tng tin cy ca h thng.
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Cc h thng MIMO cho php tng dung lng m khng cn tng bng thng v cng sut.
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NI DUNG TRNH BY
CC H THNG THNG TIN KHNG DY
3 K THUT OFDM
2
H THNG MIMO
IU CH
IFFT
KHONG BO V
A/D
TN S
THI GIAN
KNH TRUYN
GII IU CH
CN BNG
FFT
TCH KHONG BO V
A/D
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M HA KNH L k thut thm cc bit d tha gip cho u thu c kh nng pht hin li hoc sa li. Da trn 2 c ch: BEC(Backward Error Correction ): Pht hin sai yu cu truyn li, khng c kh nng sa li. FEC(Forward Error Correction): Pht hin li v c kh nng sa li.
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Block Interleaver:
Khong delay nh nht gia interleaver v deinterleaver (khng tnh tr khi truyn qua knh truyn) l (2MN 2M + 2) thi gian truyn 1 symbol, vi M l s dng, N l s ct trong ma trn do b interleaver to ra. V d:
Convolutional Interleaver:
NI TIP
SONG SONG
Do chui thng tin sau khi c interleaving s c bng thng rt ln => chuyn serial sang parallel c c bng thng con < coherence bandwidth => khng b fading chn lc tn s.
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IFFT V FFT
IFFT: Chuyn t min tn s sang min thi gian. FFT: Chuyn i t min thi gian sang min tn s. Chui tn hiu vo X(k) , 0 k N-1 Khong cch tn s gia cc sng mang l: f Chu k ca mt k t OFDM l: Ts Tn s trn sng mang th k l fk = f0 + kf Tn hiu pht i c th biu din di dng:
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KHONG BO V
c chn gia cc symbols OFDM lin tip. Gip chng li can nhiu ISI. Khong bo v phi ln hn di tri tr ln nht. Gim hiu qu bng thng Mt phn tn hiu c copy v chn vo phn u. Vn gi c tnh trc giao. Mt mu OFDM c chiu di l Ts. Chui bo v c chiu di l TG. Sau khi chn chui bo v th chu k ca tn hiu by gi l Ts + TG .
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s(t)
Ts
Ts
r (t )
A/D
rn
Ts
Ts
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B CN BNG
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B CN BNG
Mong mun ng ra l d liu gi i () nn: = = () = . = 1 = () Tuy nhin, p ng knh truyn thay i theo thi gian B cn bng l b lc c p ng l nghch o ca knh truyn v cn c kh nng thay i theo knh truyn B cn bng thch nghi.
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M HNH MIMO-OFDM
#1
+GI
#1
-GI FFT
Input data
MUX
IFFT
Output data
Receive Weight DEMUX
#NTX
+GI IFFT
#NRX
-GI FFT
TX
RX
#1
-GI FFT
Input data
MUX ST Encoder
IFFT
Output data
DEMUX
#2
+GI IFFT
#NRX
-GI FFT
TX
RX
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