Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
Wh at is OSHA ?
Occupational
Safety and O
S
Health H
A
Administration
2
Wh y wa s OSHA
created?
14,000 employees died annually from
job-related injuries and illnesses
Nearly 2.5 million employees were
disabled
Ten times as many person-days were lost
due to job-related disabilities than from
strikes
300,000 new cases of occupational disease
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Th e OS HA Ac t of
1970
The purpose of the OSH Act is to
“assure so far as possible every working,
man and woman in the nation safe and
healthful working conditions and to
preserve our human resources.”
4
Wh o is cove red –
Federal OSHA ?
Private employers with
➨ one or more employees
➨ business effecting commerce
Federal government employees
Not covered
➨ self-employed
➨ working conditions regulated by other federal agencies
➨ farms employing only family members
5
Who i s c ove re d –
St ate OSH A?
State and local government employees
Private employers not on federal
property
➨ federal parks
➨ military bases
6
Ho w do they
operate ?
Regional and area offices
Standards
Inspections
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General Du ty Cla use
8
OSHA
St andard s
De velopme nt
Advisory Committees
➨ National Advisory Committee on Occupational
Safety and Health (NACOSH)
➨ Advisory Committee on Construction Safety
and Health
NIOSH Recommendations
9
OSHA
St andard s
De ve lopme nt
Standards adoption process
➨ Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking *
➨ Notice of Proposed Rulemaking *
➨ Public Hearing
➨ Comment Period
➨ Final Standard *
Appealing a Standard
Variances
Public Petitions
Proprietary
➨ prepared by professional experts
12
OS HA St andard s
Horizontal vs. Vertical
➨ horizontal (general) applies to any employer in
any industry
➨ vertical applies to a particular industry
13
OSHA St andards
29 CFR 1910
“29”
“CFR” “1910”
Labor Code of General
Federal Industry
Regulations Standard
14
In sp ectio n Priorit ies
Imminent Danger
Fatalities and Catastrophes
Employee Complaints
➨ formal
➨ in-formal
Referrals
Programmed
Follow Up (especially willful & repeat)
15
In sp ectio n Priorit ies
1st PRIORITY
Imminent Danger
➨ reasonable certainty that danger
exists
➨ may not be eliminated via normal
enforcement procedures prior to
death
17
In sp ectio n Priorit ies
3rd PRIORITY
Employee Complaints and Referrals
➨ formal
inspected
➨ serious referrals
18
In sp ectio n Priorit ies
4th PRIORITY
Programmed Inspections
➨ site-specific
targeting
➨ national emphasis programs
➨ Construction scheduler
19
In sp ectio n Priorit ies
5th PRIORITY
Follow-up Inspections
➨ determines whether previously
sited violations have been
corrected
➨ potential notice of
failure-to-abate (FTS)
additional daily penalties
20
OSHA
Insp ectio n Pr ocess
Opening Conference
Closing Conference
21
HI GHL IGH TS OF AN
OPEN IN G
CO NF ER ENC E
Compliance Safety & Health Officer (CSHO):
Presents credentials
Explains purpose of inspection
Requests employee participation
Outlines scope of the inspection
Determines employers on site
Union/non-union
(continued)
22
HI GHL IGH TS OF AN
OPEN IN G
CO NF ER ENC E
CSHO:
Reviews OSHA Logs
Verifies hazard communication program
Verifies safety and health program
May verify access to employee
exposure and medical records
(1910.1020)
Verifies OSHA poster
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HIGH LIG HTS OF AN
OSHA W ALKAROUND
IN SPECTIO N
CSHO:
Identifies potential safety and health hazards
➨ determines employee awareness & knowledge
➨ evaluates PPE selection, maintenance & use
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CI TATI ON TYPE S
on ti
ta
Ci
Serious
27
CI TATI ON TYPE S
on ti
ta
Ci
Willful
28
CI TATI ON TYPE S
on ti
ta
Ci
Repeat
Violation of the same or similar standard
within 3 years.
29
CI TATI ON TYPE S
on ti
ta
Ci
Repeat
Violation of the same or similar standard
within 3 years.
30
CI TATI ON TYPE S
atti
n i
ta
Ciit
on
o
C
Other-Than-Serious
31
CI TATI ON TYPE S
atti
n i
ta
Ciit
on
o
C
Failure to Abate
Max
32
CI TATI ON TYPE S
on ti
ta
Ci
De Minimus
No Penalty.
33
RE GUL ATOR Y
VIO LATI ONS $$$
No OSHA Poster $1,000
No OSHA 200 Log $1,000
Failure to post citations $3,000
Failure to report within 8
hours a fatality or accident
which hospitalizes 3 or more
employees $5,000
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Pe nalty Ad ju st me nt
Factors
Size
No. of Employees Reduction
1 - 25 60%
26 - 100 40%
101 - 250 20%
More than 250 None
Good Faith Effort 25%
History (Last 3 Years) 10%
35
CI TAT ION APP EAL S
Citations received
36
Mu lt i-e mploye r
Wo rksit es
Citations issued to exposing employer.
Citations can also be issued to:
1. Employer who creates the hazard,
2. Employer responsible for overall site
safety, and
3. Employer responsible for correcting
the hazard.
37
What Re so urc es Are
Ava il able ?
Consultation program
OSHA web page : http://www.osha.gov/
OSHA CD-ROM : 202-783-3238
OSHA Training Institute & Ed Centers
OSHA hotline : 1-800-321-OSHA
OSHA area and regional offices
ASSE, AIHA, other trade groups
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OSHA
Consu lta tion
Pr ogram
No cost, confidential assistance
On-site assistance with safety, health,
ergonomics
Serious hazard obligation!
Sometimes there is a backlog
Focused compliance assistance or
comprehensive assistance
39
OS HA’ s
St rategic Pl an
➨ lead
poisoning
➨ amputations
15% reduction
40
OS HA’ s
St rategic Pl an
Targeted industries
➨ construction
➨ shipyards
➨ nursing homes
➨ logging
➨ food processing
15 % reductions
41
OS HA’ s
St rategic Pl an
➨ electrical (17%)
42
OS HA’ s
St rategic Pl an
43
Th e OSHA W eb Si te
➨www.osha.gov
SAFETY &
HEALTH
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