Terrorism

The Types and History of

Presented By: Sarmad ZaheerJanjua

The Eight Types of Terrorism

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7.
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Nationalist Terrorism Religious Terrorism Right Wing Terrorism Left Wing Terrorism Anarchist Terrorism State Sponsored Terrorism Narco-terrorism Cyber Terrorism

Nationalist Terrorism
Definition: to seek to form a separate state for their own group, and try to draw attention to their fight for "national liberation." Example: The Basque Fatherland and Liberty tried to use terrorism to try to form a separate homeland for the Basque people in Spain and France. Their favorite method of terrorism is the car bomb.

Religious Terrorism
Definition: the use violence to further what they see as divinely commanded purposes. Example: Hamas, dedicated to the destruction of Israel, has conducted many attacks, including large-scale suicide bombings against Israeli civilian targets.

Rescue workers help after a suicide bomber destroyed a bus in Megido, Israel.Photo: Israel Sun

Right Wing Terrorism

Definition: to do away with liberal democratic governments and create fascist states in their place. They frequently attack immigrants and are both racist and xenophobic, often anti-Semitic. Example: In El Salvador, the death squads achieved notoriety for the murder of Archbishop scar Romero and the murders of four American nuns. Neo-Nazi groups of the United States are also considered to be Right Wing Terrorists.

Left Wing Terrorists

Definition: Terrorist groups that are anti-capitalism. Example: The Japanese Red Army, who had about 40 members at its height and once was one of the most feared guerilla movements, attacked Israel's Lod Airport with machine gun fire and grenade blasts which left 26 people dead, including two JRA members and about 80 others were injured.

Kozo Okamoto: one of three Japanese Red Army members who staged the 1972 machine-gun and hand-grenade attack

Anarchist Terrorism
Definition: Revolutionaries overthrowing established governments Example: When President McKinley was shot by an anarchist, Leon F. Czolgosz, on September 6, 1901 while attending the Pan American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, and died from his wounds there on September 14, 1901.

State Sponsored Terrorism

Definition: violence upon a national population committed by national governments or their proxies. Example: In the Darfur region of the Sudan the Janjaweed, a pro-government Arab militia, have forced more than one million black Africans from their homes to refugee camps in neighboring Chad and killed thousands.

Janjaweed fighter on horseback in Darfur region of Sudan

Narco-terrorism
Definition: making, transporting, and selling illegal drugs to fund terrorists activities Example: Colombian antinarcotics police seized eight tons of cocaine and shut down a huge drugprocessing complex in the southeastern state of Guaviare. This lab alone, which was protected by members of FARC, Colombia's largest guerrilla group, had the capacity to produce nearly half the cocaine shipped to the U.S. annually by Colombian drug traffickers.

Cyber-terrorism
Definition: malicious actions through the use of the internet for political and social objectives Example: The internet worms and viruses that are designed to take down some of the systems that the government uses.

Key Elements of Terrorism

It is premeditated: planned v. impulsive

It is political: change political order v. crime

It is aimed at civilians: everyday people v. military targets or combat-ready troops It is carried out by subnational groups: independent groups v. armies of a country