What is a Protocol?

The set of rules and regulations for communication in a Network. Computers on a Network cannot communicate with other computers unless they are using the same protocol.

What is a Port?
In computer networking, a port number is part of the addressing information used to identify the senders and receivers of messages.

List of Network Protocols

TCP/IP (Trancmistion Control Protocol) HTML (Hyper Text Markup language) HTTP (Hyper text transfer Protocol) FTP (File transfer protocol) SMTP (Simple Mail Tranfer Protocol) IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Protocol) POP (Post office protocol) SSH (Secure socket layer) Telnet

TCP/IP Protocol?
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Part of a set of protocols known as the Internet Protocol Suite. The most commonly used, routable, network protocol. TCP transmits data and IP refers to addressing. Necessary for Internet communication. All protocols below (except DNS) occur over TCP/IP.

HTML Protocol
Hypertext Markup Language. Web page code that defines how a page appears in the web browser.

HTTP Protocol
Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Connects local web browser to a web server. typically using port 80.

FTP Protocol
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. Commonly used to transfer files across the internet between a web server and Windows hosts. FTP Offers Two Important Functionalities. (1) File Downloading :- Port no is 21 (2) File Uploading :- Port no is 20 File Dowloading is a Process of coyping a file from remoute computer to your computer. File Uploading is a process of sending a file from your computer to remoute computer.

SMTP Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Port No is 25 SMTP sents email to one or more recipients. Not listed in exam objectives, but of equal importance, is POP3 Post Office Protocol (v3). This protocol downloads inbound email messages.

IMAP Protocol
Internet Message Access Protocol. Port No is 143
Used for accessing email on a remote server from a local client.

Where as POP3 downloads email messages, IMAP instantly accesses email stored on a server.

MIME Protocol
As You know now that SMTP is useful to send message only with ASCII characters.

If you wish to extend the capability of SMTP for attaching sound,picture,vedio clips or program files with email,MIME protocol Should be used.
When you wish to send non-text data with email,MIME helps you to encode this data in to ASCII character and due to that,email can be sent to the mail server usimg SMTP

POP Protocol
POP Stands for Post Office Protocol. Port No is 110. The POP define how mail client like Microsoft Outlook can retrieve email messages from the mail server. It has various versions like POP,POP2(port 109),POP(port 110) among tham POP3 is lastest one. Using POP email client can save message on local computer.

SSH Protocol
Secure Shell.Port no is 22 Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for secure data communication. SSH uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and allow it to authenticate the user.

Telnet Protocol
Telnet is a Teletype Network.its port No is 23 Protocol used in the command-line tool of the same name. Useful for remote administration of servers, clients, and network devices such as routers. Communicates in unsecured plain text.

Thank You