BENGKEL KIMIA KERTAS 4541/3 (2011)

1-2 STRUCTURED ITEMS

1 OPEN-ENDED RESPONSE ITEM ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

50 MARKS DURATION 90 MINUTES

a) 1-2 SOALAN STRUKTUR : (KK0501 KK0511)

b) 1 SOALAN ESEI : (KK051201 KK051205)

KK 501 - OBSERVING USING THE SENSE OF HEARING, TOUCH, SMELL, TASTE AND SIGHT TO COLLECT INFORMATION ABOUT AN OBJECT OR A PHENOMENON

ex. Q1b)

 1 2 3 4

BROWN SOLID IS FORMED BUBBLES OF GAS RELEASED ORANGE SOLUTION TURNS GREEN. THE INTENSITY OF BLUE COLOURED SOLUTION REMAINS UNCHANGED/ INCREASE/ DECREASE

5 6

THE MASS INCREASE YELLOW PRECIPITATE IS FORMED

KK 0502 - CLASSIFYING

USING OBSERVATION TO GROUP OBJECTS OR EVENTS ACCORDING TO SIMILARITIES OR DIFFERENCES

Q2c

1. CATIONS AND ANIONS

2. OXIDISING AGENTS AND REDUCING AGENTS

3. OXIDATION AND REDUCTION

4. EXOTHERMIC AND ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS 5. ELECTROLYTES AND NONELECTROLYTES 6. SATURATED AND UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON 7. STRONG AND WEAK ACIDS/ ALKALIS

KK 0503 MEASURING AND USING NUMBERS

MAKING QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS USING NUMBERS AND TOOLS WITH STANDARDISED UNITS. MEASURING MAKES OBSERVATION MORE ACCURATE.
Q1a

Example
1. BALANCE MASS

2. BURETTE VOLUME OF SOLUTION

3. VOLTMETER VOLTAGE

4. STOPWATCH TIME
5. THERMOMETER TEMPERATURE

6. RULER DISTANCE/ HEIGHT/ LENGTH

KK 0504 - INFERRING

USING PAST EXPERIENCES OR PREVIOUSLY COLLECTED DATA TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS AND MAKE EXPLANATIONS OF EVENTS Q1c

1. COPPER IS FORMED
2. O2 /H2/CO2 IS LIBERATED/GIVEN OUT/RELEASED

3. DICHROMATE(VI) ION IS REDUCED TO Cr3+

4. THE CONCENTRATION OF Cu2+ IN THE SOLUTION REMAINS UNCHANGED/DECREASES/ INCREASES 5. Mg REACTS WITH O2 TO FORM MgO 6. PbI2 IS FORMED AND INSOLUBLE IN WATER

KK 0505 - PREDICTING

STATING THE OUTCOME OF A FUTURE EVENT BASED ON PRIOR KNOWLEDGE GAINED THROUGH EXPERIENCES OR COLLECTED DATA Q1g

1. PREDICT TIME TAKEN(FROM A GRAPH)

KK 0506 - COMMUNICATING

USING WORDS OR GRAPHIC SYMBOLS SUCH AS TABLES, GRAPHS, FIGURES OR MODELS TO DESCRIBE AN ACTION, OBJECT OR EVENT. Q2b

1. DRAW GRAPH
2. CONSTRUCT TABLE 3. WRITE EQUATION 4. ARRANGE METAL IN DESCENDING ORDER OF ELECTROPOSITIVITY 5. DRAW APPARATUS SET UP 6. DRAW ELECTRON STRUCTURE

KK 0507 USING SPACETIME RELATIONSHIP

DESCRIBING CHANGES IN PARAMETER WITH TIME. EXAMPLES OF PARAMETERS ARE LOCATION, DIRECTION, SHAPE, SIZE, VOLUME, WEIGHT AND MASS.

Q1f(ii)

1. STATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SIZE OF REACTANT AND RATE OF REACTION

KK 0508 INTERPRETING DATA

GIVING RATIONAL EXPLANATIONS ABOUT AN OBJECT, EVENT OR PATTERN DERIVED FROM COLLECTED DATA.

1. EXPLAIN WHY THERE IS NO CHANGE IN THE COLOUR INTENSITY OF THE SOLUTION THE Cu2+ DISCHARGED AT THE CATHODE IS REPLACED BY THE IONISATION OF COPPER ANODE.

KK 0509 DEFINING OPERATIONALLY

DEFINING CONCEPTS BY DESCRIBING WHAT MUST BE DONE AND WHAT SHOULD BE OBSERVED. Q1e

1. WHEN BLUE LITMUS PAPER TURNS RED, THE SOLUTION FORMED SHOWS ACIDIC PROPERTY
2. ELASTICITY OF RUBBER IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LENGTH AFTER THE WEIGHT USED TO STRETCH IT IS REMOVED AND THE ORIGINAL LENGTH

KK 0510 CONTROLLING VARIABLES IDENTIFYING THE FIXED VARIABLES, MANIPULATED VARIABLE AND RESPONDING VARIABLE IN AN INVESTIGATION. THE MANIPULATED VARIABLE IS CHANGED TO OBSERVE ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE RESPONDING VARIABLE. AT THE SAME TIME, THE FIXED VARIABLES ARE KEPT CONSTANT. Q2a

MANIPULATED VARIABLE SIZE OF REACTANT RESPONDING VARIABLE TIME TAKEN TO COLLECT 20 cm3 OF GAS FIXED VARIABLE CONCENTRATION OF ACID

KK 0511 - HYPOTHESISING
MAKING A GENERAL STATEMENT ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A MANIPULATED VARIABLE AND A RESPONDING VARIABLE IN ORDER TO EXPLAIN AN EVENT OR OBSERVATION. THIS STATEMENT CAN BE TESTED TO DETERMINE ITS VALIDITY. Q1d

THE SMALLER THE SIZE OF REACTANT, THE SHORTER THE TIME TAKEN TO COLLECT 20 cm3 OF GAS

THE FURTHER THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO METALS IN THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SERIES, THE HIGHER IS THE VOLTAGE OF THE CELL PRODUCED

KK 1512 PLANNING EXPERIMENT

AIM/ PROBLEM STATEMENT

VARIABLES
HYPOTHESIS APPARATUS AND MATERIALS PROCEDURE TABULATION OF DATA

CHEMISTRY 4541

PAPER 3

PLANNING OF EXPERIMENT
Students

are required to study a situation or a given task. on the situation or the given task, students are required to plan an experiment to investigate the situation or the given task

Based

The answer should include :

Problem

statement/aim Hypothesis List all the variables List of materials and apparatus (Draw the set up of apparatus to help you in procedure as well as list of materials and apparatus)

The answer should include :

Procedure Tabulation

Data.

1 Statement of problem Able to make a statement of the problem accurately and must be in question form 2 All the variables Able to state all the three variables
correctly

3 Hypothesis

Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable correctly

4 List of materials and apparatus

5 Procedure

6 Tabulation of data

Able to state the list of substances and apparatus correctly and completely Able to state a complete experimental procedure Able to exhibit the tabulation of data correctly with suitable headings and units

You need to do or think of

Do question 3 in 45 minutes Do not leave empty answers Label the table with unit but need not be filled with data Write the plan for the experiment similar to what you would do when writing a PEKA CHEMISTRY report.

ANSWERS (Form 4)
1a) [Observing] Able to record all the four readings correctly with one decimal place. Answer
Voltage/ V Voltan /V 2.7 1.1 0.8 2.0

1b) [Controlling Variables]

Able to state all three variables correctly Sample answer Manipulated variable : Pair of metals // W, X, Y and Z Responding variable : Voltmeter reading // voltage//Potential difference Fixed variable : Copper(II) sulphate solution // voltmeter // Copper

1c) [Hypothesising]

Able to suggest a correct relationship between the MV and the RV with direction

Sample answer The further the distance between two metals in the electrochemical series, the higher is the voltage / the voltmeter reading

1d) [Interpreting Data]

Sample answer

Y , Cu , X , Z , W
Able to arrange the position of all metals correctly

1e) [Predicting]
Able

to predict the voltage with unit correctly Sample answer 1.9 V

1f) [Observation and Inferring]

Able to state three observations and three correct their corresponding inferences Sample answer
Observation Pemerhatian 1. Magnesium dissolves // becomes thinner Inference Inferens 1. Magnesium is oxidised // loses electron to from Mg2+ // Mg change to Mg2+

2. (Brown) solid is deposited at copper // Copper becomes thicker 3. Voltmeter needle deflected // Deflection of voltmeter needle decreases 4. The intensity of blue colour solution deceases

2. Copper is formed // Cu2+ discharged // Cu2+ change to Cu

3. Electricity produced // electrons flow // Electricity produced decreases 4. The concentration of Cu2+ in the solution decreases

1g) [Defining Operationally]

Able to describe (1) what should be done and

(2) what should be observed

correctly Sample answer 1. Dip two different types of metals into CuSO 4 solution and connect them to voltmeter 2. Mg becomes thinner and brown solid is deposited at copper// Voltmeter needle deflected//Reading of voltmeter decreases.

ANSWERS WITH IN CORRECT TERMS, WORDS OR INCORRECT KEY WORDS.

NO. 1.

INCORRECT TERMS [TIDAK TEPAT] Chocolate precipitate [Mendakan coklat] A stable atom [Atom yang stabil]

CORRECT TERMS [TEPAT] Brown precipitate

2.

Atom that achieves octet arrangement Electron arrangement

3.

Electron configuration [Konfigurasi electron]

NO. 4.

INCORRECT TERMS [TIDAK TEPAT] Clear solution [Larutan jernih] Iodide ion stop reacted or reaction stops. [ion iodida bertindak balas dengan lengkap]

CORRECT TERMS [TEPAT] Colourless solution

All iodide ions have reacted completely

6.

Reaction does not occur [Tindakbalas tidak berlaku]

No change in reaction

NO.

INCORRECT TERMS [TIDAK TEPAT] Hasten the rate of reaction [Mempercepatkan kadar tindakbalas] Burning in oxygen [Pembakaran karbon]

CORRECT TERMS [TEPAT]

7.

The rate of reaction increases

Heating in oxygen

8.

9.

Magnesium is more active than zinc [Magnesium lebih aktif daripada zink]

Magnesium is more reactive than zinc

NO.
10. 11. ECS

INCORRECT TERMS [TIDAK TEPAT]

CORRECT TERMS [TEPAT]

Electrochemical series In the electrochemical series, magnesium is more electropositive than zinc

In the electrochemical series, magnesium is more reactive than zinc [Untuk siri elektrokimia, magnesium lebih reaktif daripada zink] In the reactivity series, magnesium is more electropositive than zinc [Untuk siri kereaktifan, magnesium lebih elektropositif daripada zink]

12

In the reactivity series, magnesium is more reactive than zinc

NO. 13

INCORRECT TERMS Add ammonia. Add iodine. Add sodium hydroxide Add silver nitrate [Campurkan ammonia, cmpurkan iodine, campurkan natrium hidroksida, campurkan argentum nitrat] Potassium permanganate solution [Larutan kalium permanganate] Polistirene prevents heat loss. Polistirene can avoid heat loss. [Polistirena adalah penghalang haba, Polistirena dapat mencegah kehilangan haba]

CORRECT TERMS Add ammonia solution. Add iodine solution. Add sodium hydroxide solution. Add silver nitrate solution Acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution

14

15

Polystyrene reduces heat loss

NO. 16

INCORRECT TERMS Melting point is the point where solid changes to liquid. [Takat lebur ialah takat dimana pepejal berubah menjadi cecair] Conduct electric [Mengkonduksikan elektrik] Saponification is a process of making soap by hydrolysis process. [Saponifikasi ialah proses membuat sabun secara hidrolisis]

CORRECT TERMS Melting point is the temperature where solid starts to change to liquid Conduct electricity

17

18

Saponification is a process of making soap by hydrolysis of an ester

NO.
19

INCORRECT TERMS
Outermost number of electrons [Bilangan electron terluar] The function of the salt bridge is to complete the circuit and to separate two solutions. [Fungsi titian garam ialah melengkapkan litar dan mengasingkan larutan]

CORRECT TERMS
The number of electrons in the outermost shell filled with electron

20

The function of the salt bridge is to complete the electric circuit which allows ions to move

21

Sodium donates electron [Natrium menderma electron]

Sodium atom donates one electron