F4115 : HCI

Human Computer Interaction (HCI)

Chapter 1.2 : The Computer

Learning Outcome
By the end of this topic, students shall be able to : a) Understand Human Interaction b) Explain how computer technology influences the nature of interaction and style of the interface. c) Describe I/O, Virtual reality systems, and 3D visualization. d) Describe physical devices, Memory capacity, and processing speed.

The Computer

Computer
Computer system consist of various elements, each of which affects the user of the system. Input devices : text entry and pointing Output devices : screen, paper Virtual Reality : special interaction and display devices Physical Interaction : Sound, haptic

Memory : RAM
Processing : speed of processing, networks

Interacting with Computer

to understand Human Computer Interaction need to understand computers!
what goes in and out
devices, paper, sensors, etc.

memory, processing, networks

what can it do?

How many Computers ?

Computers in your house? Computers in your pockets?
In your house? PC TV, VCR, DVD, HiFi, satellite TV microwave, cooker, washing machine central heating security system In your pockets? PDA Handphone, Camera Smart Card Electronic car key USB memory

Input 1 : Text Entry device

Keyboard

Most common text input device Allows rapid entry of text by experienced users Keypress closes connection, causing a character code to be sent Usually connected by cable, but can be wireless

Special keyboard

Pad Phone
Use numeric keys with multiple presses : 2 3 4 5 : : : : abc def ghi jkl 6 7 8 9 : : : : mno pqrs tuv wxyz

Numerical keypad
for entering numbers quickly : calculator, PC keyboard

1 4 7

2 5 8 0

3 6 9 #

7 4 1 0

8 5 2

9 6 3 =

telephone

calculator

Input 2 : Handwriting recognition

Text can be input into the computer, using a pen and a tablet.

Input 3 : Speech recognition

Input 4 : Mouse
Handheld pointing device : Very common Easy to use

How its works ?

Two methods for detecting motion : a)Mechanical Rotates orthogonal potentiometers Ball on underside of mouse turns as mouse is moved Can be used on almost any flat surface

b) Optical light emitting diode on underside of mouse may use special grid-like pad or just on desk less susceptible to dust and dirt detects fluctuating alterations in reflected light intensity to calculate relative motion in (x, z) plane

Input 5 : Touchpad
Small touch sensitive tablets Stroke to move mouse pointer used mainly in laptop computers Good acceleration settings important

Input 6 : Joystick
Indirect
pressure of stick = velocity of movement

Buttons for selection

on top or on front like a trigger

Often used for computer games

aircraft controls and 3D navigation

Virtual Reality & 3D Interaction

Cockpit and virtual controls
steering wheels, knobs and dials just like real!

The 3D mouse
six-degrees of movement: x, y, z + roll, pitch, yaw

Data glove
fibre optics used to detect finger position

VR helmet
detect head motion and possibly eye gaze

Whole body tracking

accelerometers strapped to limbs or reflective dots and video processing

Physical Control, Sensor

Sound
- beeps, bongs, clonks, whistles and whirrs - used for error indications - confirmation of actions e.g. keyclick

Touch, feel and smell

- In games vibration, force feedback

Computer - Memory
Short term memory : RAM Long term memory : magnetic and optical disk Capacity limitations related to document and video storage Access methods as they limit or help the user

Computer - Processing
The effects when system run too slow and too fast, the myth of the infinitely machine Limitations on processing speed Networks and their impact on system performance

Summary
In this topic we have learn about :

The interaction between computer and human. Input & Output of Computer Virtual Reality & 3D Interaction Physical Control / Sensor Memory Processor