Verb Tenses

trans-cending verb tenses

"act or fact of passing across or through," c.1440, from L. transitus, pp. of transire "go or cross over"

Caught in a trans? trans-oceanic (1827) transvestite-Gr. vestire "to dress, to clothe (1910) translucent- Ln. lucere "to shine (1596) transcend- Ln. scandere "to climb" (1340)

 What Law of Motion does the picture show?

Whats the difference between the two?

Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change its state by forces impressed on it.

Newton's first law states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force.

Simple Past Tense

Set A: The car exploded at 9.30am yesterday. She went to the door. We did not hear the telephone. Did you see that car? How long was the duration of the past occurrence?

Set B: I lived in Bangkok for 10 years. The Jurassic period lasted about 62 million years. We did not sing at the concert. Did you watch TV last night? How long was the duration of the past occurrence?

Set C: I lived in that house when I was young. What did you eat for dinner? John drove to London on Monday. Mary did not go to work yesterday. Did you play tennis last week? We were not late for the train. Were you angry? When do we use the past tense then?

Present Tense
I eat breakfast every morning at 6:30. I go to work everyday What do these two sentences convey?

 The earth revolves around the sun What does this sentence convey?

I think so. I love it. What do these two sentences convey?

Simple Future Tense

I will go tomorrow. I shall go tomorrow. Which auxiliary verb(shall or will) implies more obligation or determination in the first person?

 You will follow my orders. You shall follow my orders. Which auxiliary verb(shall or will) implies more obligation or determination in the second person?
The congregation will follow his lead. The congregation shall follow his lead. Which auxiliary verb(shall or will) implies more obligation or determination in the third person?

 shall (and its subjunctive should). This implies obligation or determined intent when used in the second person and its plural, and implies a simple future meaning in the first and third. will (and its subjunctive form would). This implies wish or intent for the future, other than in the first and third person, in which it implies obligation or determined intent. Otherwise, it is used as the most neutral form and it is the most commonly used.

Seatwork
1. Mike (plan) _____ to leave soon. 2. Mike (plan) _____ his departure as soon as he gets his visa. 3. Mike (plan) _____ his ascendancy from power last year. 4. The radio station (broadcast) _____ the release of the captured reporter once it has been confirmed. 5. The radio station (broadcast) ______ the complete coverage of the sensationalized wedding yesterday. 6. Few of the radio stations in the country (broadcast) _______ under unlicensed frequencies. 7. The butcher (slay) ________ the herd last week. 8. The butcher (slay) _______ the herd tomorrow morning. 9. The army of butchers (slay) _______ pigs every morning. 10.She (quit) ______ the team because of me.

 Directions: Change the base form of the verb to its appropriate verb tense. 1. By the end of the century, the population of the world (increase) ___________ alarmingly unless measures are implemented. 2. First: Maria fed the cat. Then: She went to work. Maria (go) _________ to work after she (feed)________ the cat. 3. Peter was late. By the time he (get) ______ to the theater, the movie (start) __________ already. 4. The teacher (give) _______ an exam by the time Jorge (arrive) ____________at school. 5. We (play) _______ cards after the children (go) __________ to bed. 6. Mark (clean) ________ the cassette tape before he played it. 7. She already (make) ________ the effort to say sorry before she (burst) _______ into tears. 8. I predict that Pacquiao (win) _________ on Sunday. 9. Spielberg (cast) ________ award-winning actors for the entirety of his career. 10.The devout preacher (read) __________ since he was thirteen years old.

VERBS 1. awake

SIMPLE PAST awoke bent bet burst crept forbade froze hurt mistook wrung overcame

PAST PARTICIPLE awaken bent bet burst crept forbidden frozen hurt mistaken wrung overcome pled run shorn swollen

2. bend 3. bet 4. burst 5. creep 6. forbid 7. freeze 8. hurt 9. mistake

10. wring
11. overcome 12. plead 13. run 14. shear 15. swell

pled
ran shore swelled

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense

FORM:
has/have + past participle of the verb

Uses of Present Perfect Tense Use 1: Actions which started in the past and are still continuing
Often, the words for (with a length of time) and since (with a starting time) are used along with the present perfect.

He has lived in Canada for five years.

(He started living in Canada five years ago, and he's still living there now.)

She has worked at the University since 1994.

(She started working at the University in 1994, and she's still working there now.)

Use 2: Actions which happened at some unknown time in the past

We can use the words already, yet, ever or never along with the present perfect. These words usually go before the past participle in the sentence.

I've not yet ridden an airplane.

(It doesn't matter when in the past. So long as it happened in the past.)

Have you gone to America before? vs. Did you go to America last summer?
(It doesnt matter when as opposed to a particular day or season when.)

Use 3: Actions which happened in the past, but have an effect in the present
In this case, the action happened at some time in the past, but the effect of the action is still important now. It's easiest to understand this use if we compare present perfect sentences with simple past sentences.

I lost my voice.

Here is a brief review of the form and function of the present perfect tense:
Use 1: Actions which started in the past and are still continuing Use 2: Actions which happened at some unknown time in the past Use 3: Actions which happened in the past, but have an effect in the present The present perfect is used when the time period is not finished

yet:

I have seen three movies this week..

(This week is not finished yet.)
The present perfect is often used when the time is recent:

Ikuko has just arrived in Victoria.

Time expressions:

for ever

yet already never

since

 The light from Andromeda had traveled light years ago before it reached the earth. How many actions were there? What happened first? What is the implication of knowing which happened FIRST?

Past Perfect Tense

Shows action that happened before another past action Had + past participle form of the verb Time expressions: before when after e.g. She had already left before/when I woke up this morning. I woke up after she had left this morning.

Past Perfect Tense

Shows action that happened before another past action Had + past participle Time expressions: before when after e.g. She had already left before I woke up this morning. I woke up after she had left this morning.

travel (had traveled)

reach (reach)

PAST

The light from Andromeda had traveled light years ago before it reached the earth. FIRST ACTION: SECOND ACTION: had + past participle simple past

Future Perfect Tense

-designates action that will have been completed at a specified time in the future.

FORM:

will have + past participle

Shall have + past participle

1
By November, I shall have received my promotion.

I shall have done my chores by 7pm today.

3
You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

By the time I finish this term, I shall have taken ten tests in English.

5
Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to Beijing? The project will have been completed before the deadline.

 Directions: Change the base form of the verb to its appropriate verb tense. 1. By the end of the century, the population of the world (increase) will have increased alarmingly unless measures are implemented. ___________ 2. First: Maria fed the cat. Then: She went to work. went had fed Maria (go) _________ to work after she (feed)________ the cat. got 3. Peter was late. By the time he (get) ______ to the theater, the movie (start) __________ already. had started 4. The teacher (give) had given an exam by the time Jorge _______ (arrive) ____________at school. arrived played 5. We (play) _______ cards after the children (go) __________ to bed. had gone 6. Mark (clean) had cleaned the cassette tape before he played it. ________ had made 7. She already (make) ________ the effort to say sorry before she (burst) _______ into tears. burst will win 8. I predict that Pacquiao (win) _________ on Sunday. 9. Spielberg (discover) has discovered award-winning actors for the __________ entirety of his career. has read 10.The devout preacher (read) __________ since he was thirteen years old.

Present Perfect Progressive

Yes. The team has been winning for the past few games.
Present perfect progressive tense describes an action that began in the past, continues in the present, and may continue into the future. This tense is formed by using has/have been and the present participle of the verb (the verb form ending in ing).

Past Perfect Progressive

At the height of Hitlers reign, one African-American athlete, Jesse Owens, had been bagging medals in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Past perfect progressive tense describes a past, ongoing action that was completed before some other past action. This tense is formed by using had been and the present perfect of the verb (the verb form ending in -ing).

Future Perfect Progressive

By the year 2010, I will have completed 2000 cubes. Ern Rubik: By the year 2015, I will still have been trying to break the 8.72 second record.
Future perfect progressive tense describes a future, ongoing action that will occur before some specified future time. This tense is formed by using will have been and the present participle of the verb (the verb form ending in -ing).