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Turbines & Compressors Engineering Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Hyderabad, India
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Automation: Requirement, concept & Solutions C&I play a major role in realising the following objectives of any power plant safety for plant and personnel increased plant availability
Automation: Requirement, concept & Solutions Safe and Reliable operation of Steam Turbines places heavy demands on the equipment used for Automation and for implementation of dependable and economical solutions.
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Automation: Requirement, concept & Solutions The Proven concept of Automation meets the tasks involved in following three levels. Regular Operation (Monitoring) Management of Disturbances (Control) Handling of Adverse events (Protection)
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Regular Operation
Normal operation of the turbine is checked by supervisory devices such as analog controller, binary control elements and monitoring equipment.
E.g.:gland steam pressure controller, drive control interface for pumps, TSI etc.
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Management of Disturbances
The limiting Devices detect deviations from normal operation and initiate counter measures to return the turbine to normal conditions
E.g.:Start-up of stand by pump on low lube oil pressure
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Automation: Requirement, concept & Solutions Measured value Threshold for response of protective device Threshold of limiting device Set point
time
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Automation: Requirement, concept & Solutions Modern Digital I&C equipment features a modular design. Accordingly a safe and economical configuration can be customised for any application , tailored to the rating of the turbine.
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Typical Configuration
MAXLINK
REMOTE I/O
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Turbine Protection
Description Lube oil pressure Very low HP steam temperature Very low Set Value < 1.0 Kg/sq.cm < 515 deg.c > 550 deg.c < 4.5 Kg/sq.cm(g)
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Turbine Protection
Description Turbine Speed Very high Set Value > 3300 rpm
Operated
Operated
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Turbine Stress Evaluator The steam temperatures inside the turbine vary with change in operating conditions( start-up,loading, load change, shutdown).The resulting temperature differences give rise to material stresses. TSE provides the basis for operating with maximum permissible thermal stress.
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Turbine Stress Evaluator: Design The input parameters are the wall temperature sensors(thermocouples) measured at characteristic points of turbine like Admission Turbine shaft
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DTallow
Tm
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Electro Hydraulic Turbine Control (EHTC) High flexibility High operational safety & reliability
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HP INLET PR.CONTROL
LP INJ. PR.CONTROL
SEL. LOGIC
LP I/H CONV.
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EHTC: Speed control loop Control speed during start-up and synchronisation Turbine stress margins limit the speed acceleration rate Speed acceleration monitoring
Acceleration rate
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EHTC: IP & LP Injection Pressure control loop IP injection pressure control maintains IP injection pressure LP injection pressure control maintains LP injection pressure
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Thrust position
3500 Monitoring System
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Automatic Turbine Runup System (ATRS) :Philosophy Subgroup Control (SGC) e.g.:Oil system,condensate &evacuation system and Turbine system Subloop Control (SLC)
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Automatic Turbine Runup System (ATRS) :Philosophy SGC Executes commands to bring the equipment upto a particular state and contains the start-up and shutdown programme of the particular group. The programme comprises of different steps SGC issues commands to SLC/CI at each step Provision for monitoring time and waiting time at each step
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Automatic Turbine Runup System (ATRS) :Philosophy OPERATOR GUIDE MODE: In this mode data is received from plant but commands are not issued.Useful for commissioning and training. STEP MODE: In this mode programme is executed one step at a time.Useful when system criteria is met but cannot proceed because of switch/transmitter malfunctioning.
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Automatic Turbine Runup System (ATRS) :Philosophy CONTROL INTERFACE: It is the interface between SGC/SLC and MCC.It prioritises the commands from SGC/SLC and issues commands to MCC. SUB LOOP CONTROL:
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ATRS :turbine Operation X2 criterion MS sat.temp. before ESV Criterion fulfilled HP ESV mid wall temp
DT (MS sat. Temp. / HP ESV mid wall tem. < X2
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MS Sat. temp
DT (MS Temp. bef. ESV / MS sat. temp. > X4
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Criterion fulfilled
HP shaft temperature
DT (MS Temp. bef. ESV / HP shaft temp. > X5
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ATRS :turbine Operation X7 criterion MS temp. before ESV Criterion fulfilled HP shaft temperature
DT (MS Temp. bef. ESV / HP shaft temp. < X7
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Conclusion BHEL is capable of providing complete control and instrumentation solutions which shall be Cost effective Of latest technology Meeting the customers specification requirements
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