What is Cloud Computing?

Is it The New Electricity..???

The trend of cloud computing has been comparative development of electric network a century ago. At that time companies stopped production of power instead they plugged into National power grid.

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Similarly Individuals and organization come now connect to a cloud to fuel the information.

Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as

a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices as a utility (like the electricity grid) over a network (typicallythe Internet).

Overview
Does not require End User Knowledge.
Increase capacity or add capabilities on the fly. Cloud computing providers deliver applications

via the internet, which are accessed from a web browser, while the business software and data are stored on servers at a remote location.

What are we going to discuss?

History
Characteristics Layers Deployment models Architecture Issues

 The term "cloud" is used as a metaphor for the Internet. The underlying concept of cloud computing dates back to the

History

1960s, when John McCarthy opined that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility." The actual term "cloud" borrows from telephony in that telecommunications companies, who until the 1990s offered primarily dedicated point-to-point data circuits. In early 2008, Eucalyptus became the first open-source, AWS API-compatible platform for deploying private clouds. In July 2010, OpenStack was announced, the fastest-growing free and open source software project in history.

Who coined the term Cloud Computing?

Eric Schmidt of Google in August

2006 described their approach to SaaS as cloud computing at a search engine conference.

Characteristics
Agility Application programming interface Cost Device and location independence Multi-tenancy

Agility
Improves with users' ability to re-provision technological infrastructure resources.

Application programming interface (API)

Accessibility to software that enables machines to interact with cloud software in the same way the user interface facilitates interaction between humans and computers. Cloud computing systems typically use REST-based APIs.

 Cost is claimed to be reduced and in a public cloud delivery model capital expenditure is converted to operational expenditure. This is purported to lower barriers to entry, as infrastructure is typically provided by a thirdparty and does not need to be purchased for onetime or infrequent intensive computing tasks.

Cost

Device and location independence

This enables users to access systems using a web

browser regardless of their location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile phone). As infrastructure is off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and accessed via the Internet, users can connect from anywhere.

Multi-tenancy

This enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users thus allowing for:
Centralization of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate, electricity, etc.) 2. Peak-load capacity increases (users need not engineer for highest possible load-levels)
1.

Client
A cloud client consists of computer hardware

and/or computer software that relies on cloud computing for application delivery . Examples include some computers, phones and other devices, operating systems, and browsers.

Application
Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install

and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support.

SaaS Apps(docs)

SaaS App (pixlr)

Platform
Cloud platform services, also known as

platform as a service (PaaS), deliver a computing platform. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers.

PaaS App (Google code)

PaaS App (Windows Azure)

Infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure services, also known as "infrastructure as a service" (IaaS), deliver computer infrastructure typically a platform virtualization environment as a service, along with raw (block) storage and networking. Rather than purchasing servers, software, datacenter space or network equipment, clients

instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service.

IaaS App(amazon webservice)

IaaS App(Rackspace)

Server
The servers layer consists of computer

hardware and/or computer software products that are specifically designed for the delivery of cloud services, including multi-core processors, cloud-specific operating systems and combined offerings.

Server

Deployment models
Public cloud
Hybrid cloud Private cloud

Deployment Model

Public cloud
Public cloud describes cloud computing in

the traditional mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned to the general public on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site third-party provider who bills on a finegrained utility computing basis.

Public Cloud

Private Cloud
Private cloud is infrastructure operated

solely for a single organization, whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally.

Private Cloud

Hybrid cloud
Hybrid cloud is a composition of two or

more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models.

Hybrid Cloud

Architecture
The Intercloud The Intercloud is an interconnected global "cloud of clouds" and an extension of the Internet "network of networks" on which it is based. Cloud engineering Cloud engineering is the application of engineering disciplines to cloud computing. It is a multidisciplinary method encompassing

contributions from diverse areas such as systems, software, web, performance, information, security, platform, risk, and quality engineering.

Issues
Privacy
Compliance Criticism Open source Open standards

Sustainability
Abuse

Security
Cloud computing security (sometimes referred to simply as "cloud security") is an evolving subdomain of computer security, network security, and, more broadly, information security. It refers to a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls deployed to protect data, applications, and the associated infrastructure of cloud computing.
Data protection Identity management Physical and personnel security

Resource
Wikipedia Learning Computers