Normal Child

Rismarini

Body Weight
Birth weight for full term baby : 2.500 4.000 g Low birth weight : < 2.500 g Lose weight in the first week < 10 % BW BW regained in the second week First 6 mo : gain of 150-250 g/wk 6 mo : 2 x birth weight 6-9 mo : 90-150 g/wk 9-12 mo : 60-90 g/wk 12 mo : 3 x birth weight Second year : 40 g/wk

Age
Newborn 5-6 mo 1 yr 2 yr 3 yr > 3 yr

Body weight (kg)

2,5 4,1 kg 2 x birth weight 3 x birth weight 4 x birth weight 5 x birth weight 2n+8

Catch-up growth
When a child has had an illness or period of starvation and is then restored to health, he shows catch-up growth his growth rate is far more rapid than normal untill he has caught up to the point which he would have reached but for his illness. If the cause of the delayed growth lasts for a long time, he may never catch up. The longer the illness lasts, the greater is the eventual retardation, and the more the weight is below its own growth curve

Body length / height

Age Body height / length

Newborn 1 yr 4 yr 5 yr 13 yr

+ 50 cm 1,5 x birth length 2 x birth length 2 x birth length + 5 cm 3 x birth length

Head circumference
Newborn : 33 35 cm 1 yr : 45 47 cm 2 yr : 48 50 cm 5 yr : 51 53 cm In first year head circ increases + 1 cm/mo From 2-7 yr increases + cm / yr From 7-10 yr increases + 1/3 cm / yr

Dentition of Primary teeth

Primary teeth
Central incissors Lateral incisors Canines 1 st molars 2 nd molars

Age at eruption Max Mand

6-8 mo 8-11 mo 16-20 mo 10-16 mo 20-30 mo 5-7 mo 7-10 mo 16-20 mo 10-16 mo 20-30 mo

Age at sheding Max Mand

7-8 yr 6-7 yr 8-9 yr 7-8 yr 11-12 yr 9-11 yr 10-11 yr 10-12 10-12 yr 11-13 yr

Dentition of Secondary teeth

Secondary teeth
Central incissors Lateral incisors Canines 1 st premolar 2 nd premolar 1 st molars 2 nd molars 3 rd molars

Age at eruption Max Mand

7-8 yr 8-9 yr 11-12 yr 10-11 yr 10-12 yr 6-7 yr 12-13 yr 17-22 yr 6-7 yr 7-8 yr 9-11 yr 10-12 yr 11-13 yr 6-7 yr 12-13 yr 17-22 yr

Areas of development
Gross motoric Fine motor and vision Speech, language and hearing Social, emotional and behaviour

Gross motor development

Involves the use of muscles to gain independent control of the body movements Dependent on adequate growth and physical development within the body Motor dev. are not possible unless the body systems such as the brain, nervous tissue and muscles are increased in size and function

Gross motor development (mo)

Head steady in sitting Pull to sit, no head lag Hands together in midline Asymetric tonic neck reflex gone Sits without support Rolls back to stomach Crawling Walks alone Crawl up stair 2,0 3,0 3,0 4,0 6,0 6,5 10 12,0 15

Gross motor development (mo)

Runs stiffy, walks up stairs with one hand held Runs well, walks up and down stairs one step at a time, open doors, jumps Goes up stairs alternating feet Rides tricycle Hops on one foot, throws ball Skips 18
24 30 36 48 60

Fine motor development

The infant needs to acquire visual attention and a pincer grip to develop the dexterity required to perform complex tasks such as feeding, dressing, writing, and playing computer games

Fine motor developent (mo)

Grasps ratle Reaches for objects Palmar grasp gone Transfer object hand to hand Thumb-finger grasp Turns pages of books Scribbles Build tower of 2 cubes Build tower of 4 cubes 3,5 4,0 4,0 5,5 8,0 12,0 13,0 15,0 18,0

Fine motor developent (mo)

Tower of 7 cubes Makes vertical and horizontal strokes, Imitates circular strokes Imitates a cross Draws a man with 2-4 parts, Imitates square Draws triangle 24 30

36 48
60

Speech & language development

Speech is not as same as language Language is a boarder form of communication encompassing aspects non verbal : writing, sign language, facial expression, gestures verbal : speaking Speech is the part of language where sounds are used to convey meaning

Speech development (mo)

Cooing and gurgling in response to 1-2 some one speaking Gurgling and babling and holding 3 conversation Monosyllabic babble, ge, de, ke 6 Inhibits to no Follows one step command with gesture 7 Follows one step command without 10 gesture

Speech development (mo)

Speaks 1st real word Speaks 4 - 6 words Identifies one or more parts of body Puts 3 words together Knows full name Knows age and sex, count 3 objects Tells a story, counts 4 pennies Names 4 colors, Counts 10 pennies 12 15 18 24 30 36 48 60

Social development
Involves the process of learning the sklills and attitudes which enable individuals ti live easily with other members of the community

Social development (mo)

Watches its mothers face when being fed and talk to Begins to smile Smiles on social contact, listen to music, says aah, ngah Laughs out loud, shows displeasure if social contact is broken, excited at sight of food 0,5 1 3 4

Social development
Prefers mother, enjoy mirror Responds to sound of name, plays peek-a-boo or pat-a-cake, waves bye-bye Plays simple bell game, Indicates some desires or needs by pointing Feeds self

(mo)
6 10

12 16 18

Social development
Handles spoon well Pretends in play, helps put things away Plays simple games (paralel), washes hands, helps in dressing Plays with several children, goes to toilet alone Dresses and undresses, Domestic role-playing

(mo)
24 30 36 48 60