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Communication
Derived from Latin word communist

which means common.

Common ground of understanding. It is the transmission of facts, ideas,

feelings, opinions, feelings or attitudes.

It is a process involving the sorting,

selecting and sending of symbols in such a way as to help the listener perceive and recreate in his own mind the meaning contained in the mind of communicator.

A Challenge
Please write a One Sentence Definition of EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Definition of Communication
The exchange of thoughts, messages, or the like, as by speech, signals or writing. To express oneself in such a way that one is readily and clearly understood.

Definition of Communication
Communication is shared feelings or shared understanding. The interchange of thoughts or information to bring about mutual understanding and confidence of good relation.

Scope

Two way process involving both transmission and reception. It represents Internal communications and External communications It is a continuous process of exchange. It uses set of symbols. Both written and verbal media can be used

Nature

It is a formal process to accomplish the desired goals. It is exchange of information between individuals, groups and departments. It is a tool and vital aspect of management process.

It is written or verbal
It is the exchange of message and interaction.

Importance

Increase productivity.

Reduce stress.
Better understand what others are saying. New skills for resolving interpersonal conflict.

Enhance relationships.
Save time and money.

Objectives:

Human Relation Persuasion Dialogue Information To influence Understanding Free exchange Better relation

Principles or Characteristics

An integral part of an organization process. Direct Supervision. Two-way Communication. Informal Communication. Listening. Clarity. Internal and External. Specific

Seven Cs of communication

Credibility Context Content Clarity Continuity and Consistency Channels Capability

Essentials of Good Communication

Clarity Information Completeness Emphasis on Attention Consistency Informal Organization Two-way Communication process To know the receiver Time

Cont.

Simplicity Communication Network Use of Media Feedback

Process of Communication
Message Transmitter

Receiver

Communication Process

Communication Channel

Communication Symbols

Message

Sender

Symbols

Receiving

Speaking

Words

Listening

Drawing

Actions Observing

Acting

Numbers Reading

Writing

Pictures

Elements of Communication Process

Message Sender Encoding

Decoding

Receiver

Channel

Communication Models

The Linear Model :

Developed by Aristotles. First step towards development of communication Model. He had developed an easy, simple and elementary model of communication process. According to Aristotle there are three main ingredients, such as:
1. 2. 3. The Speaker The Speech The Audience

Shannon -Weaver Model:

Given by Claude E. Shannon and Warren Weaver. Also called as Mathematical Theory. First to find out that the message can be changed or block. It was based on mathematical view of communication process in which the basic problem is that the message received is not equal to the message sent. The shannon Model was, later in 1949, brought out in the mathematical theory of communication, coauthored with Weaver Weaver introduced feedback.

But feedback was not considered to be an integral component because model conceived the communication process as a linear act. The model is based on the idea that communication occurs only when the message has been received unchanged. Elements: Information Source Encoding Channel Decoding Acting Noise Filters

David K. Berlos Model:

It is a basic theory. It is of basic importance in developing other communication models and for identifying elements of communication. In this model, he identified essential elements and also other factors affecting them. The model does not consider verbal and non-verbal stimuli.

The nine components included in the model: A Source A Encoder A message A Channel A Receiver A Decoder A Meaning A Feedback A noise

Harold D. Lasswell model:

Has given rise to four basic and important question. They are Who? What? Whom? Which?. This model ignores the elements of communication process. But indicates the major elements in the process by posing some question. They are: Why? What? How? When?

1. 2. 3. 4.

In this model, he covers the five elements in the process by putting the above questions:

Who- Sender Say what- Message In which channel- Media To Whom- receiver With what- Effect

Wilbur L. Schramm Model:

This theory is concerned with mass communication. This focus on the signal from the two sides of source and the receiver. The encoder which is the source has to encode and the same is to be decoded towards destination.
Source Encoder Signal Decoder Destination

Theories of Communication
Bulls eye theory :Action view theory right words to convey the right message. 2. Ping pong theory Interaction or interpersonal interaction takes place between sender and receiver - complex theory linear cause and effect. 3. Spiral theory (Myers & Myers) : Transactional view, independence, mutual and reciprocal causality , dynamic theory