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SOCIOLOGICAL CRITICISM

NUR FATNIN IZNI AHMAD RIFQI DINA SYAFIQA ANNUR AZHAR

Examines literature in the cultural, economic and political context in which it is written or received. Explores the relationships between the artist and society Evaluates how the profession of the writer in a particular milieu (background) affected what was written

TYPES OF SOCIOLOGICAL CRITICISM


Marxism Feminism

MARXISM
Karl Marx
1818-1883

He

formed friendship with Friedrich Engels ( 1820-1895); they lived at a time when Europe and North America was dominated by factory.

They

joined the Communist League ( illegal coalition of labour unions).followed by the creation of The Communist Manifesto
theories about society, economics and politics.

Marx's

In

Marxs analysis, society was fundamentally divided between classes that clash in pursuit of their own class interest ( obvious in the factory set-up of conflict between the exploited and the exploiter ) significance in Sociology is profound: emphasis on group identifications and associations that influence an individuals place in society ( focus of contemporary sociology )

Marxs

Marxist criticism is based on the social and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Their beliefs include the following: Value is based on labour. The working class will eventually overthrow the capitalist middle class. In the meantime, the middle class exploits the working class. Most institutionsreligious, legal, educational, and governmentalare corrupted by middle-class capitalists.

Marxist critics apply these economic and social theories to literature by analyzing: Ideologies that support the elite and place the working class at a disadvantage. Class conflict

To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee First of all there is the high class white who are above 1.
everyone and who are considered as the wealthy.
2.

The next class is the working white classes who have jobs like farming and struggle to provide like the Cunninghams. The group would be the very poor Ewells who live on a rubbish dump they accept any financial help from anyone unlike the Cunninghams who will not. The lowest class in the Maycomb society is the blacks there are of course smaller groups within the black community

3.

4.

FEMINISM
Feminist criticism grew out of the womens movement that followed World War II.

Elaine

Showalter (January 21, 1941) American

literary critic, feminist and writer on cultural and social issues. One of the founders of feminist literary criticism in United States academia, developing the concept and practice

Feminist critics analyze the role of gender in works of literature. Two purposes of feminist criticism: Feminist critique: The analysis of works by male authors (depiction of womens writing) Gynocriticism: The study of womens writing Agreeing that womans literature lay as the central concern for feminist criticism BUT rejected the concept of an essential female identity and style Example: Trifles by Susan Glaspell Responsible for recovering neglected works by women authors through the ages and creating a canon of womens writing.

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