Barriers in Perception

Jayakanth C.V. Roll No: 20

Perception
O Perception is a process by which

individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
O Person Perception

Perceptions people form about each other

Misinterpretations
O Implicit Personality
O Logical Error O Selective Perception O Halo Effect O Contrast Effects O Projection O Stereotyping O Assumed Similarity

Implicit personality
O This is the general expectations that we

build about a person after we know something of their central traits. O We form assumptions about what traits go together in a person. O For example when we believe that a happy person is also friendly.

Logical error
O Implicit personality theory could lead us to

form assumptions about what traits go together in a person. O We use this interpretation to form an extensive and consistent view of other people when faced with incomplete information.

Selective Perception
O Selectively interpreting what one sees on

the basis of ones interests, background, experience, and attitudes.

Halo Effect
O Drawing a general impression about an

individual on the basis of a single characteristic.

O Intelligence

O Sociability
O Appearance etc.

E.g.: Perceiving the Instructor by Students

Contrast Effect
O Evaluation of a persons characteristics

that are affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered, who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.

Projection
O Attributing ones own characteristics to

other people
O It is easy to judge others if we assume

that they are similar to us.

O People tend to perceive others according

to what they themselves are like, rather than according to what the person being observed really like.

Stereotyping
O Judging someone on the basis of ones

perception of the group to which that person belongs

O Prejudice: a stereotype that doesn't

change even when information disputing it is presented

Barriers to Accurate Perception:

O We often judge ourselves more charitably
O O O

than we judge others We tend to favour negative impressions of others over positive ones We cling to first impressions We are influenced by what is most obvious We tend to assume others are similar to us

Perceptual barriers when Communicating

O Complexity of message
O Inadequacy of preparation O Linguistic barriers O Context related barriers

References
1. Organizational Behavior

--Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2. Business Psychology and Organizational Behavior --Eugene McKenna

THANK YOU