XLR8 BASICS

-ARPIT GUPTA -HIMANI SINGHAL

WHEELS
No of wheels Size of the wheels

Traction??

NUMBER OF WHEELS
Four wheel drive Three wheel drive Two wheel drive One wheel drive ?????

FOUR WHEEL DRIVE

More no. of motors more torque Easy to climb inclined plane

If not aligned properly => 1 motor useless Different RPM | Power loss

THREE WHEEL DRIVE

Minimum no of points to form a plane Wheels always in contact

Only 2 motors
Wheelie can occur at the start of motion

REMOVE GRIP OF FRONT WHEELS

Easily rotated than 4 wheel drive More torque than 3 wheel drive

TWO WHEEL DRIVE

Segway

One wheel drive

Self balancing bot

SIZE AND STRENGTH

Diameter Large : positioning less accurate Task

Given a motor of torque High force requirement

small diameter opposing torque produce by friction reduces (friction)=R*F(friction)

High speed requirement

Large diameter V=R*

MOTORS
What motors to choose??

Choosing the motors is a very big task as a wide variety of motors of different r.p.m , torque, size, power, weight, material are available in the market .

There is always a tradeoff between the motors as torque and R.p.m are inversely proportional.

Some robots even have weight constrains (heavy metal motors or light plastic motors)?

MATERIAL FOR CHASSIS

Acrylic Aluminum Wood

MATERIAL FOR CHASSIS

Acrylic Aluminum Wood

ACRYLIC

Advantages Light weight Easy milling Transparent acrylic sheets can be used in the robots in which internal mechanisms need to be presented Disadvantage
Very brittle and fragile

Is not reliable for long term usage of the machine

ALUMINUM
Advantage

Light weight

Easy machining (compared to other metals) Readymade sections, bars, boxes etc are easily available in the market which can be directly used More strength to weight ratio
Disadvantage

Sheet of same dimension is very heavy as compared to rest of the two materials

WOOD
Advantages

Lightest among the three Relatively cheaper than acrylic

Disadvantages

Very weak Not Waterproof

CENTER OF GRAVITY
A lot of care must be taken about issues like center of mass and center of gravity As the robot must be very stable and should be avoided from toppling , and other stability problems

Low

Stability
Impulsive force & at start of motion

CONTINUED
D T Toppling Close to the wheels having grip Gripper motor positioning Brake wire (Cycle) Use Pulley - Rope System

7805
Three terminal positive voltage regulator. It is used to convert 12V current supplied by the battery to 5V current. Dont forget to attach heat sink .

FOR A WIRELESS ROBOT THAT RECEIVES A SIGNAL ONLY OF 5 VOLTS OR LESS THAN 5VOLTS.
SO HOW DO WE RUN MOTORS OF 12 VOLTS???
WE NEED A CIRCUIT THAT ACTS AS AN SWITCH
I.E WHEN IT GETS 5VOLT SIGNAL IT SWITCHES 12 VOLTS TO THE MOTORS.

L293D
16 pins and their numbering

L293D AND 7805 CIRCUIT

BATTERIES We generally use 3 types of batteries Lead acid battery Rechargable , generally used. Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) battery Lithium Ion (Li-ion) battery

WHICH BATTERY TO USE??

Lead acid batteries- Heavy,cheap,easy and safe to use. Lithium ion battery-light weight,costly,carefull charging needed. Lithium polymer- light weight , very costly , carefull charging and balancing needed. Nickel metal hydride-slightly heavy , safe to use.

CONTACT DETAILS
Managers:Mohit - 9820721145 Ashima - 9167146655 Co-ordinators:Deepak - 8655600593 Shaimak - 9167647616 Rishi - 8879490822 Arpit - 9920134740 Krishnakant - 9820715401 Himani - 9405621818 Newton (PG Co-ordinator)-9930742189