Investigation of Space Time Block Codes for the Multipath Modeled Powerline Communications Channel

Ariadi Sulistyo Research Advisor by Mr. Anil Mengi, M.Sc. Chair: Prof. Dr.-ir. A.J. Han Vinck

Implementations and Results

Alamouti Scheme
As a fundamental of STBC system, the Alamouti scheme should be considered.

SISO AWGN-Rayleigh

6.5 dB 6.5 dB

PSTBC = PSISO
Gc =
2

x1

x2

STBC Tx=2 Rx=1 , AWGN-Rayleigh STBC Tx=2 Rx=2 AWGN SISO AWGN

* -x2 x1*

STBC Tx=2 Rx=1 AWGN STBC Tx=2 Rx=2 AWGN-Rayleigh

Linear Combiner with PAM

SISO AWGN

SISO, AWCN
STBC AWGN

SISO AWCN

STBC, AWCN
7.5 dB STBC AWCN

SISO, AWGN STBC, AWGN

3 dB
4 dB

0 dB

Repetition Codes in Matrix Block Code

STBC, Linear Combiner

STBC, Linear Combiner SISO SISO AWGN STBC, Repetition Codes

STBC, Repetition Codes

Repetition Coding using Single Phase Detector

SISO

STBC Rep.Cod. STBC Linear Combiner

Result : Adaptive Decoding

SISO

STBC Rep.Cod. STBC Linear Combiner Adaptive Decoding

Multipath Fading : Philipps Model With Guard Interval

SISO GI=0 STBC,GI=0

SISO, GI=5 STBC,GI=5 SISO,GI=3 STBC,GI=3

FEC : Convolutional Coding [177 133]

SISO,GI=0 STBC GI=5 SISO GI=5 STBC,GI=5 SISO,GI=0 Uncoded STBC,GI=0 Uncoded

17 dB 20 dB 3 dB STBC GI=5 SISO GI=5

Conclusion
Because of independent correlation between channel in PLC, the orthogonality of matrix block codes are not needed. This leads to the matrix of repetition codes. If matrix of repetition codes are used, then combining time at the receiver can be reduced. With the same signal power, performance of STBC Linear Combiner in PLC with the AWGN channel is the same as SISO. Due to the AWCN and Flat Fading channels, the value of BER is depend on the signal to noise power ratio (SNR). Repetition Coding with Single phase detector is better at low SNR (< 15 dB) than Linear combiner. Depending on Noise Margin and Received Signal Power, adaptive decoding is built. With the threshold = 10, best result is obtained
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Conclusion & Future Development

On a Philipps model, GI reduces the error rate.

As the channel have only diversity gain maximum of three, to preserve about diversity, coding gain would be an alternative. combination between the STBC and FEC should be considered. Future Development in STBC Concatenated FEC- STBC in Powerline channel Blind Channel Estimation

Coding side : Space Time Trellis Coding comparing to STBC Coding Gain and Diversity Gain

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References
S.M. Alamouti, "A Simple Transmit Diversity Scheme for Wireless Communication", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Communications, Vol. 16, pp. 1451-1458, October 1998.

V. Tarokh, H. Jafarkhani , and A.R. Calderbank, "Space Time Block Codes from Orthogonal Designs", IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp.1456-1467, July 1999.
C.L. Giovaneli, J. Yazdani, P. Farrell, B. Honary, "Application of Space-Time Diversity/Coding for Power Line Channels", Proceeding of International Symposium on Power-Line Communications and Its Applications 2002 (ISPLC 2002), pp. 101-105, March 2002. C.L. Giovaneli, J. Yazdani, P. Farrell, B. Honary, "Improved Space-Time Coding Applications for Power Line Channels", Proceeding of International Symposium on Power-Line Communications and Its Applications 2003 (ISPLC 2003), pp. 50-55, March 2003. A. Papaioannou, D. Papadopoulos, F.N. Pavlidou, "Performance of Space-Time Block Coding in Powerline and Satellite Communications", Journal of Communication and Information Systems, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 174-181, 2005.

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References
H. Philipps, "Modelling of Powerline Communication Channels", Proceeding of International Symposium on Power-Line Communications and Its Applications 1999 (ISPLC 1999), pp. 1421, 1999. J. G. Proakis, "Digital Communications", McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New York, 4th edition, 2001. S. Haykin, "Communication Systems", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey, 4th edition, 2001. K. D. Kammeyer, V.Khn, "Matlab in der Nachrichtentechnik", J. Schlembach Fachverlag, Bremen, 2001. L. Litwin, M. Pugel, "The Principles of OFDM", www.rfdesign.com, pp. 30-48, January 2001.

H. Jafarkhani, "Space-Time Coding, Theory and Practice", Cambridge University Press, New York, 1st edition, 2005.

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Thank you for your attention !

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