Passive and Active Sentences

English Home Work

By: Adit Alvin Wiranata Rama Satria P

Active Sentences
Active Sentences indicates that the subject of the verb is acting Because the subject does or "acts upon" the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the active sentences.

Passive Sentences
In a passive sentence, the subject and object flip-flop. The subject becomes the passive recipient of the action.
Because the subject is being "acted upon" (or is passive), such sentences are said to be in the passive sentences.

ILLUSTRATION
Here is an active verb in the present simple: Everybody
Subject

likes

the film The Lion King.

Object

Now lets change the sentence to the passive. When we make an active sentence passive, the object becomes subject. The film The Lion King is liked
Subject

by everybody.
Object

Present

Past

Future

Past Future

Perfect = ( S + Would/Should + Have + Been + V3 ) Perfect Continous = ( S + Would/Should +Have + Been + Being + V3 )

Simple present tense = ( S + Be1 (is, am, are) + V3 ) Example : Active : Once a week, Tom cleans the house Passive : Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

Present Continues tense = ( S + Be1 (is, am, are) + V3 )

Example : Active : Right now, Sarah is writing the letter. Passive : Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

Present Perfect Tense = ( S + Have/Has + Been + V3 ) Example : Active : Many tourists have visited that castle. Passive : That castle has been visited by many tourists.

Present Perfect Continous Tense = ( S + Have/Has + Been + Being + V3 )

Example : Active : Recently, John has been doing the work. Passive : Recently, the work has been being done by John.

Simple Past Tense = ( S + Be2 (was, were) + V3 ) Example : Active Sam repaired the car. Passive :The car was repaired by Sam.

Past Continues Tense= ( S + Be2 (was, were) + Being + V3 )

Example : Active : The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Passive : The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.

Past Perfect = ( S + Had + Been + V3 ) Example : Active : George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license. Passive : Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license.

Past Perfect Continous = ( S + Had + Been + Being + V3 )

Example : Active : Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris. Passive : The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.

Simple Future Tense = ( S + Will/Shall+ Be + V3 ) Example : Active : Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM. Passive : The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

Future Continues Tense = ( S + Will/Shall + Be + Being + V3 )

Example : Active : At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes. Passive : At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.

Future Perfect Tense = ( S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + V3 ) Example : Active : They will have completed the project before the deadline. Passive : The project will have been completed before the deadline.

Future Perfect Continous Tense = ( S + Will/Shall+Have + Been + Being+V3 )

Example : Active : The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive : The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

Simple future in the past tense = ( S + Would/Should + Be + V3 ) Example : Active : They will have completed the project before the deadline. Passive : The project will have been completed before the deadline.

Continues = ( S + Would/Should + Be + Being + V3 )

Example : Active : The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive : The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

The Differences
Active Passive

Simple Present Present Continuous Simple Past Past Continuous

. .

Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous

Simple Future
WILL

Simple Future
BE GOING TO

Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.

A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

Future Continuous
WILL

Future Continuous
BE GOING TO

At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.

At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.

Future Perfect
WILL

Future Perfect
BE GOING TO

They are going to have completed the project before the deadline.

The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.

Future Perfect Continuous

WILL

Future Perfect Continuous

BE GOING TO

The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.

The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

Used to Would Always

Jerry used to pay the bills. My mother would always make the pies.

The bills used to be paid by Jerry. The pies would always be made by my mother.

Future in the Past WOULD

I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.

I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.

Future in the Past WAS GOING TO

I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.

I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.

These examples show that the subject is doing the verb's action.
The dog jumped onto the boy.
The dog (subject) is doing the jumping (verb).

Kristy will give a book report to the class.

Kristy (subject) is doing the giving (verb).

The computer ate my paper.

The computer (subject) is doing the eating (verb).

These examples show the subject being acted upon by the verb. The boy was jumped on by the dog.
o Boy (subject) was being jumped on (verb)

A book report will be given by Kristy to the class. oReport (subject) will be given (verb). My paper was eaten by the computer. oPaper (subject) was being eaten (verb).

Kalimat pasif atau yang biasa dikenal dengan Passive Voice atau Passive Sentence dan ada juga yang menyebutnya Passive Forms merupakan salah satu bentuk kalimat dalam Bahasa Inggris. Dalam definisi singkatnya Passive Voice berarti suatu bentuk kata kerja transitif dimana secara tata Bahasa Inggris subjek dari kalimat berpelaku sebagai pasien, yaitu yang menerima aksi dari sebuah pekerjaan. Kalimat Pasif umumnya kontras dengan Kalimat Aktif atau yang biasa dikenal dengan Active Voice, kalimat ini bermakna suatu bentuk kata kerja transitif dimana subjek dari kalimat berpelaku sebagai agen, yaitu yang melakukan aksi dari sebuah pekerjaan.