ARTIFICIAL CROWNS

PARTIAL VENEER CROWNS

A type of crown that partially covers or veneers the clinical crown Usually the involved surfaces are the proximal, lingual and incisal/occlusal (anterior and posterior crown) and some buccal (posterior 7/8 crown and modified crown) except for laminate veneers wherein the labial, incisal and proximal surfaces are involved

Several types of partial veneers exist:

a. Posterior teeth 1. Three-quarter crown 2. Modified threequarter crown 3. Seven-eights crown

Several types of partial veneers exist:

b. Anterior teeth 1. Three-quarter crown 2. Pinledge 3. Laminate veneer

TYPES OF

PARTIAL VENEER CROWNS

1. Posterior Teeth PVC

Three-quarter crown

Seven-eighth crown

Modified three-quarter crown

Indications:
a. Sturdy clinical crown of average length or longer b. Intact buccal surface not in need of contour modification and wellsupported by sound tooth structure c. No conflict between axial relationship of tooth and proposed path of withdrawal of FPD

Contraindications:
a. Short teeth b. High caries index c. Extensive destruction d. Poor alignment e. Bulbous teeth f. Thin teeth

Advantages:
a. Conservative of tooth structure b. Easy access to margins c. Less gingival involvement than with complete cast crown d. Verification of seating simple e. Electric vitality test feasible

Disadvantages:

a. Slightly less retentive than complete cast crown b. Limited adjustment of path of withdrawal c. Some display of metal

2. Anterior Teeth PVC a. Three-quarter crown

Indications:
a. Sturdy clinical crown of average length or longer b. Intact labial surface that is not in need of contour modification and that is supported by sound tooth structure c. No discrepancy between axial relationship of tooth and proposed path of withdrawal of FPD

Contraindications:
a. b. c. d. e. Short teeth Nonvital teeth High caries index Extensive destruction Poor alignment with path of withdrawal of FPD f. Cervical caries g. Bulbous teeth h. Thin teeth

Advantages:
a. Conservation of tooth structure b. Easy access to margins for finishing (dentist) and cleaning (patient) c. Less gingival involvement than with complete cast crown d. Easy escape of cement and good seating e. Easy verification of complete seating f. Electric vitality test feasible

Disadvantages:
a. Slightly less retentive than complete cast crown b. Limited adjustment of path of insertion c. Some display of metal d. Not indicated on nonvital teeth

2. Anterior Teeth PVC b. Pinledge

Periodontal problem Lingual Preparation

Anterior Splinting

Indications:
a. Undamaged anterior tth in cariesfree mouth b. A high esthetic requirement c. Where proximal grooves are impossible to prepare d. To alter lingual contour of max. anterior teeth or to alter occlusion e. Anterior splinting

Contraindications: a. b. c. d. e. Large pulps Thin teeth Nonvital teeth Carious involvement Problems with proposed path of withdrawal of FPD

Advantages:
a. b. c. d. Minimal tooth reduction Minimal margin length Minimum gingival involvement Optimum access for margin finishing and hygiene e. Adequate retention f. Excellent esthetics

Disadvantages:
a. Less retentive than complete coverage b. Alignment can prove difficult c. Technically demanding d. Not usable on nonvital teeth

2. Anterior Teeth PVC

c. Porcelain Laminate Veneer

0.3-0.5mm

Proximal contact areas and incisal edge are preserved and the preparation is limited to enamel. A reduction depth of 0.30.5mm is recommended.

Prepared Teeth for Laminate Veneers

Chamfer

Cemented Laminate Veneers

Functionality of bite is critical to comfortable dental rehabilitation. The mandibular incisors should be in gentle touch with the palatal surfaces of the maxillary incisors, being 1 mm behind and 1 mm below. The "S" sound is used to determine the vertical height of dimension. This helps us to determine the relation of the maxillary and mandibular teeth.

1mm.

1mm.

When porcelain laminate veneers are properly prepared, produced, and finished, an increase of the crevicular fluid decreases the plaque index, and one can see the healthy tissue around the biologically integrated porcelain laminate veneers.

Indications:

a. Discoloration (e.g. dental fluorosis or mottled enamel/Tetracycline stain)

b. Correcting diastema

Diastema closure and lengthening of crown cervicoincisally/widening mesiodistally

c. Fracture involving proximoincisal surface

d. Masking tooth defects ex. Peg shaped incisors

e. lengthening of crown cervicoincisally for esthetics

Contraindications:
a. High caries index b. Poor plaque control c. Extensive existing large restorations or endodontically teeth with little remaining tooth structure d. Tooth wear due to BRUXISM e. Short teeth

f. Teeth with insufficient or inadequate enamel for sufficient retention (ex. Severe abrasion) g. Patients with oral habits causing excessive stress on the restoration (ex. nail biting/pencil biting)

Advantages:

a. Superior esthetics b. Wear and stain resistant c. Excellent long term durability abrasionresistant/color-stable, excellent resistance to fluid absorption d. Inherent porcelain strength exhibits excellent compressive, tensile and shear strength e. Minimal tooth reduction 0.30.5mm only f. Soft tissue compatibility biocompatible w/ soft tissues

Disadvantages:
a. b. c. d. Increased tooth contour Expensive Time multiple visits are required Fragility during try-in and cementation e. Lack of repair ability difficult, if not impossible, to repair f. Difficulty in color matching g. Irreversibility unlike bleaching, requires tth reduction although minimal h. Inability to trial cement the restoration