Professional Documents
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Operations Research
Session Objectives:
To describe the need and importance of Operations Research for rationale decision making in health care delivery To discuss the basic Operations Research concepts and techniques for solving particular problem and identification of appropriate solution To develop a research proposal using the general approach for Operations Research
Economic support Management -Public sources of finance Organized arrangement of -Employers -Leadership resources -Decision-making -Organized volun-National health authorities -planning tary agencies -Health insurance programmes -implementation -Local community -Other governmental agencies -monitoring and efforts -Non-governmental agencies -Independent private sector evaluation -Foreign Aid -information -Private households Development of health resource -Other Regulation -Manpower -Facilities -Equipment and supplies -Knowledge
Operations Research
Operations Research is the application of analytical methods designed to help the decision makers choose between various courses of action available to accomplish specified objectives
Evaluation
Implementation
Define the Operations Research Analyze the problem and divide into smaller units Establish research priorities
Design field test Implement field test Evaluate the propose solution modify if necessary Integrate the solution with the larger system
Operational problem is analyzed in detail. The problem is broken into smaller units. This is presented graphically. The graph shows inputs, outputs and the outside factors.
First look at the system as a whole and then as a cluster of major subsystems. Then ask where one should expect modifications to produce the greatest positive impact on outputs.
Phase -II, Solution Development 2. Specify decision variables and stipulate constraints on the solution
Decision variables are factors that both play a role in determining how a system functions and are also within the control of the system manager. Amount of ORS packets Training methods Factors that limit the the practical range of one or more decision variables are called constraints. Socio-economic, ethnicity, occupation, educational level, weather, terrain
Phase -II, Solution Development 3. Identify or construct an appropriate model for solution development Model building is the essence of the operations research A model is the simplified representation of the real world
Resource allocation Networking Cost-analysis
Determination of requisite resources Development of management scheme Development of training material Arrangements of obtaining human and other resources needed Design of an information system
Continuous assessment to ensure refinements of inputs Integrating the solution within the system
An Example...
TB control Program. High defaulter rate among TB patients. How to assess the situation?