ABIHA ALI 10031AC002 K.

ANANTHA 10031AC012

Introduction
Cesar Pelli is an Argentine American architect. Born on October 12, 1926 in San Miguel de Tucumn, Argentina. He studied architecture at Universidad Nacional de Tucumn. He completed his studies at University Of Illinois, Urbana Champaign.

 He started his career in the office of Eero Saarinen. He served as the Dean for the School Of Architecture at Yale University from 1977 to 1984 Achievements: - On May 26 2008, Yale bestowed an honorary Doctor Of Arts to Pelli. - He received the The Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat in 2008 - In 1991, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) listed Pelli among the ten most influential living American architects.

Famous Works
Wells Fargo Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 1988 One Canada Square , Canary Wharf, London- 1991 Bank Of America Corporate Center, North Carolina - 1992 Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur 1998 ARIA Resort and Casino , Las Vegas, Nevada 2009 Connecticut Science Center, Connecticut - 2009

Petronas twin towers

One Canada square

Connecticut science centre

Wells Fargo centre Bank of America Aria resort

Style
Cesar Pellis style expands the boundaries of modern architecture with his colourful, richly crafted, and structurally expressive buildings. Pelli has designed numerous buildings that powerfully connect to their contexts through references to local culture. His experiences as a designer with Eero Saarinen nurtured a belief that architecture was not about developing a particular style. He strives to adapt each project appropriately to its culture, function, and site. He is known for building large skyscrapers.

WORKS

Bank Of America Corporate Center

The Bank of America Corporate Centre is an 871 ft. (265 m) skyscraper in Uptown Charlotte, North Carolina. When completed in 1992, it became and still is the tallest building in North Carolina. It is 60 storeys high. It is the 26th tallest building in the US.

 It features a 30-foot (9.1 m) granite base followed by a facade of rosy beige granite and silver glass rising complete with curved sides. The tower gradually tapers through a series of six setbacks at the 13th, 44th and 53rd floors on the corners and at the 47th, 56th and 60th floors. It serves as the Global Headquarters to the Bank Of America.

 Bank of America Corporate Center consists of the Office Tower, Founders Hall and the Corporate Center Parking Garage. The Office Towers crown consists of 384 specially designed rods, varying in length from 12-62 feet and weighing between 800 and 4,500 pounds each. A total of 350 light fixtures light the crown at night. The Office Tower's main lobby ceiling is 36 feet high while marble was used for the floors, walls and columns. Three frescoes by artist Ben Long were specially commissioned for the Corporate Center.

 Founders Hall is a spectacular three-story winter garden enclosed by a soaring atrium, which rises over 100 feet at its center and links the Office Tower with the Retail Shops and the N.C. Blumenthal Performing Arts Center. It features shopping, dining, and a host of other services. Designed as a grand public arena and a world-class retail center , Founders Hall is available to the public for special events and performances.

One Canada Square

One Canada Square is a skyscraper in Canary Wharf, London. It was the tallest building in the United Kingdom from 1991 to 2010, standing at 235 metres (770 ft.) and containing 50 storeys. based the design and shape mainly on the World Financial Centre and Big Ben.

 One of the predominant features of the building is the pyramid roof which contains a flashing aircraft warning light, a rare feature for buildings in the United Kingdom that is at 240 metres above sea level. One Canada Square is primarily used for offices, though there are some retail units on the lower ground floor.

 The architects used steel to reflect the Britains heritage as an industrial nation. The building has 50 floors with an average floor area of 111000 sq. m It is now the 17th tallest building in Europe.

Petronas Twin Towers

Petronas Twin Towers was the worlds tallest building from 1998 to 2004. The tower is located at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with 88 habitable floors and 452 meters in height. It is recognized as being the worlds tallest high rise of the 20th century.

 The prominent features of the towers are the double-decked sky bridge, pinnacles and an advanced elevator system. The main use of the building is for office space. Below the twin towers is Suria KLCC, a popular shopping mall. The architectural design of the Petronas Twin Towers floor plan is based on simple Islamic geometric squares creating a shape of eight-pointed stars, reflecting unity within unity, harmony, stability and rationality.

 To create more space, eight semi-circles were superimposed in the inner angles of the interlocked squares. These semicircles are themselves anchored by the main structural columns of the buildings. The twin towers are symmetrically aligned and are connected with a suspended sky bridge. At the top of the Petronas Twin Towers are structural steel pinnacles, which stood 73.5m tall. One was made in Japan and the other South Korea. The most prominent feature of the towers is the doubledecked skybridge on the 41st and 42nd floors. The bridge is 170m high and 58m long, providing access between the towers.

 Concrete was used instead of conventional steel in the construction of columns and core walls of the towers. Concrete was opted since it was a local material. The polished facade is done with stainless steel extrusions and laminated glass covering or cladding the walls, reflecting Pellis vision of multi-faceted diamond sparkling in the sun. This minimizes heat gain by reflecting harmful UV light and unwanted solar radiation.

 Each of the towers is supported by sixteen cylindrical columns that is made of concrete, encircling the core in the centre. They are placed on the inner corners of the star shaped plan with columns linked by slightly arched ring beams, also of concrete. The core and cylindrical frame system is constructed from insitu high-strength concrete, including smaller perimeter columns around the two bustles. Some structural steel was used for typically long span floor beams to support concretefilled metal deck slabs.

Quotes
I think for a while we will keep building up and up and up. The desire is there. The desire to reach for the sky runs deep in our human psyche.

Conclusion
Born -October 12, 1926 in San Miguel de Tucumn, Argentina. Education : Architecture at Universidad Nacional de Tucumn , School Of Architecture and Planning at University Of Illinois Urbana Champagne. Started working in the office of Eero Saarinen Dean for the School Of Architecture at Yale University from 1977 to 1984 Known for building tall structures. No particular style. Develops varied styles depending on location and local cultures and traditions. WORKS BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATE CENTER Located in Uptown Charlotte, North Carolina. 265m tall skyscraper. 30-foot granite base. Rosy beige granite and silver glass rising faade. Gradually tapers at 13th, 44th, 53rd, 47th, 56th and 60th floors.

ONE CANADA SQUARE Located at Canary Wharf, London

It was the tallest building in the United Kingdom from 1991 to 2010, standing at 235 metres - It has 50 floors. - Pyramid roof that is functional as aircraft warning light, 240m from ground level. - Use of steel to reflect the Britains heritage as an industrial nation. PETRONAS TOWERS - Located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - Stood as the worlds tallest building from 1998 to 2004 with 88 floors. - It was 452m in height. - Towers floor plan is based on simple Islamic geometric squares creating a shape of eight-pointed stars, reflecting unity within unity, harmony, stability and rationality. - A double-decked skybridge on the 41st and 42nd floors. The bridge is 170m high and 58m long, providing access between the towers.

 Concrete was used in the construction of columns and core walls of the towers since it was a local material. The faade has stainless steel extrusions and laminated glass covering or cladding the walls. This minimizes heat gain by reflecting harmful UV light and unwanted solar radiation. Each of the towers is supported by sixteen cylindrical columns that is made of concrete, encircling the core in the centre. They are placed on the inner corners of the star shaped plan with columns linked by slightly arched ring beams, also of concrete. The core and cylindrical frame system is constructed from in-situ highstrength concrete, including smaller perimeter columns around the two bustles. Some structural steel was used for typically long span floor beams to support concrete-filled metal deck slabs.