Capsule Structure

Developing Real-Time Software with Rational Rose RealTime
Version 2001A.04.00
Module 10: Capsule Structure: Ports, Protocols, and Sub-capsules
Ports, Protocols, and Components Topics

Capsule Interfaces Ports Protocol Classes Capsule Structure
Developing Real-time Software With Rational Rose RealTime, v2001A.04.00 Copyright 2001 Rational Software, all rights reserved
The Encapsulation Shell

Abstracts the functionality of the capsule Keeps changes within the capsule from affecting elements that interact with it Protects objects it contains
Capsule Interfaces
A capsules interface is completely defined by its ports.
Ports

Ports
Capsules communicate by sending and receiving messages through ports A port can only send and receive specific sets of messages Defined by a protocol class
Stimulus message
Response messages
Ports (cont.)
Ports are interface elements between a capsules structure and behavior Ports have a composition relationship with the capsule they serve
Ports are created and destroyed along with the capsule that owns them
Ports: Port Compatibility

Only ports with compatible protocols can communicate with each other
Two ports are compatible if they are of the same protocol or subclass In order for two ports to be connected, they must be opposite in conjugation
Conjugated port Base port
Ports: Port Termination

End ports: terminate connectors; deliver messages from a capsules structure to capsules behavior, and vice versa Relay ports: relay messages to/from a subcapsule to a capsule outside its container
End Port
Relay Port Containing Capsule Boundary Contained Capsule Role
Ports: Wired vs. Unwired Ports (Java)

Wired ports: use connectors to set up message channels
Explicit visible associations
Unwired port Wired ports
Unwired ports: use name binding to set up message channels

No connectors used Dynamic connections Mechanism used with Connexis
Ports: Port Visibility (Java)

Public ports: define a capsules external interface
Appear on capsules boundary in a structure diagram Use UML + in the name
Public port
Protected ports: connect a capsule to its subcapsules

Not accessible from outside a capsule, unless published Use UML # in the name
Protected port

Protocol Class
Specifies which messages can be sent to and received from a port A message is defined by a named signal and any optional data
<<Protocol>> DeviceControl isOn (void) isOff (void) turnOn (void) turnOff (void)
Protocol Class
Protocol Classes: Contractual Interaction Patterns

Protocol classes act as a contract between capsules, specifying what messages can be sent between them
Example: operator-assisted call
Caller
call ack number
Operator
ringBack
connected time
Protocol Roles
A protocol class specifies the communication patterns between capsules, viewed from either end of the connection. The protocol role represents only a single view (base or conjugate), specifying which messages can be sent to and received by that specific port type The protocol role of the port determines which signals are incoming and outgoing Two ports must realize compatible protocols to permit a connector to be established between them
Protocol Roles: Example

A protocol role specifies the protocol from significant sequence the perspective of one party
One protocol definition defines two roles: Base Conjugate
Base Protocol Role
<<Protocol>> ProtocolRoleA call (void) number (void) ack (void) ringBack (void) connected (void)
caller
operator
call ack number ringBack connected
Conjugate Protocol Role

<<Protocol>> ProtocolRoleB
ack (void) ringBack (void) connected (void) call (void) number (void)
Defining Protocols
Protocols capture the interactions related to each role a capsule plays in its collaborations Capsules that play similar roles may reuse protocol definitions Protocols should not be overloaded and should have a clear purpose:
Capture a complete message dialog between collaborating capsules

Capsule Structure
Capsules contain component elements:
Subcapsules Passive classes Ports Connectors
Structure Diagram
A specialized form of the collaboration diagram Specifies the capsule's interface and its internal composition
Ports Connector
Capsule Subcapsule
Connectors
Objects that show key communication relationships between capsules
Connect ports that play complementary roles in the protocol they are associated with Can connect ports associated with different protocols if the ports are conjugate and the protocols have compatible in- and out-signals.
Connector
Collaboration Diagram to Structure Diagram

A structure diagram is a more specialized form of collaboration diagram.
Structure Diagram Collaboration Diagram
Showing Structure in a Class Diagram

A class diagram provides more detailed system decomposition
Class Diagram
/ client : Client + / link : Link + / link : Link~ / server : Server <<Capsule>> TheSystem
Structure Diagram
/ client <<Protocol>> Link response (void) command (void) / server
<<Capsule>> + / link Client <<Port>> + / link : Link
+ / link~ <<Port>>
<<Capsule>> Server + / link : Link~
Review: Designing Ports and Protocols

Why are ports used to connect capsules? Why must connected end ports be opposite in conjugation? Why use a class diagram instead of a structure diagram?
Low Temp Dyeing

fill start done Operator drain Controller level Tank
The Dying System
Level Filling Dyeing
Draining Empty
Time

Capsule Structure

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Developing Real-Time Software with Rational Rose RealTime

Module 10: Capsule Structure: Ports, Protocols, and Sub-capsules

Ports, Protocols, and Components Topics

The Encapsulation Shell

Ports, Protocols, and Components Topics

Ports: Port Compatibility

Ports: Port Termination

Relay Port Containing Capsule Boundary Contained Capsule Role

Ports: Wired vs. Unwired Ports (Java)

Unwired ports: use name binding to set up message channels

Ports: Port Visibility (Java)

Protected ports: connect a capsule to its subcapsules

Ports, Protocols, and Components Topics

Protocol Classes: Contractual Interaction Patterns

Protocol Roles: Example

call ack number ringBack connected

Conjugate Protocol Role

Ports, Protocols, and Components Topics

Collaboration Diagram to Structure Diagram

Structure Diagram Collaboration Diagram

Showing Structure in a Class Diagram

<<Capsule>> + / link Client <<Port>> + / link : Link

<<Capsule>> Server + / link : Link~

Review: Designing Ports and Protocols

Low Temp Dyeing

The Dying System

Level Filling Dyeing

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