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Length of Dam
Height of Dam Water quality
Lake water got highly polluted due to untreated disposal of sewage and garbage from nearby residential and slum colonies. So as to save the lake it was necessary to revive and rehabilitate it urgently.
In the Year 1995 under National Lake Conservation Plan of MOEF of Govt. of India, Powai Lake of MCBM was reviewed and identified as one of the Ten major lakes in the country for revival and improvements.
A high level committee was therefore formed to check the pollution levels of the lake and to take steps to create public awareness to save the lake.
Detailed Feasibility Report (DPR) prepared by consultant M/s. Wockhardt Ltd. was approved by MOEF GOI and sanctioned Rs.6.62 Crore as grant to MCBM for implementation of the scheme on priority.
[Before Revival]
Powai Lake which is located in the heart of suburban of Mumbai is surrounded by NITIE , IIT, large housing complexes and unauthorized Hutment colonies. The water of the lake is supplied to M/s L&T company and Aarey colony for non domestic uses. During last few decades, Population surrounding the lake has increased substantially. Heavy siltation occurred which has an estimated quantity of 4.5 lakh Cu.M. approx. Eutrophication of lake was observed with abundance of hyacinth & floating weeds on the surface of lake. Dissolved Oxygen level at the bottom of lake has gone low as 0.71 mg/ltr.
[Before Revival]
A physical and analytical survey was carried out to ascertain the pollution levels and Eutrophycation condition in the lake
Sludge Analysis
[Before Revival]
Parameter Average Values
42.80 %
2.94 gms/kg 5.16 gms/kg 57.20 %
[Before Revival]
Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sampling Site Chlorophyll A (mg/ m3) (Average of Three Sample analyzed) 14.68 38.66 86.04 44.24 24.22 138.48 66.88 28.86 to to to to to to to to 18.34 55.12 104.44 86.44 42.88 166.22 84.14 64.66
Boat Club Powai Garden (Hill Side) Near Sonar Baug Bay Kol Dongri Side Road Side Near Ghat Near Centre of the Lake In the Lake Centre IIT Side (Near Temple)
Tropic state
Phosphorus
Phosphorus & Chlorophyll A levels observed in the water analysis showed that the lake was under the Hypertrophic condition.
Fish try to catch food on its way to bottom. Dead algae, fish, insects and food settle at bottom. Decaying septic sludge of decomposing fish, animals, plants, fertilizer, fish food.
Septic water no oxygen loaded with toxic gases & solutions from decaying organic matter.
Pretreatment Activities.
Pretreatment activities consists of:a) b) Stop entries of all untreated sewage into the lake by providing treatment facility or connect it to main sewerage system. Installation of penstock gates on four major nallahs along Adi Shankaracharya Marg to prevent entry of silt and sullage water into the lake.
c)
Preventing the activities like open deification, throwing of garbage, washing of cars and clothes on the bank of the lake.
Contd
The Aeration System was operated initially for a period of 18 to 20 Hours per day & further it was reduced to 8 to 12 Hours during night time.
Contd
On 12 th April dose of Enzyme was added to activate the bio-degradation process.Quantity-2000 Ltr.
The improvement in various parameters monitored is shown in the following table.
8 6 7 9 10 1 2 4 5
Values of various parameters before the start of work and after completion of work.
Sr No
1 2 3 4
Parameter
Units
D.O./ top D.O./ bottom C.O.D/ top C.O.D./ bottom mg/l mg/l mg/l
mg/l
5
6
Phosphate / top
Phosphate / bottom
mg/l
mg/l
0.01 to 0.035
0.01 to 0.035
3.971
5.618
0.0188
0.0178
Contd
Values of various parameters before the start of work and after completion of work (contd)
Sr No 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 13.a.
Parameter
Units
Value for Eco-balance Value (initial) < 0.1 < 0.1 7 to -8.5 7 to -8.5 < 10 < 10 8 tp 25 8 tp 25 2.063 3.100 7.730 6.980 65.00 131.500 60.00 20.720
Value (final) 0.727 0.0692 7.60 7.88 8.30 8.20 23.90 10.00
Nitrate / top Nitrate /bottom pH / top pH / bottom S. Solids / top S. Solids / bottom Chlorophyll A/ top Chlorophyll A/Bottom
Chlorophyll A (mg/Lit)
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
02 ayM
lJu
03
p Se
- 03
3 v- 0 No
- 04 an J
04 ar M
Chlorophyll A of Top
Chlorophyll A of Bottom
1) Total Cost of the Project 2) Amount Received from MOEF of Govt. of India
: :
Rs.4,69,82,000.00 Rs.4,69,82,000.00
Rs.4,32,00,000.00
CONCLUSION
i. Powai lake having catchment area of 6.61 Sq. Kms & lake surface area of 2.10 Sq. Kms is improved within a period of 12 months. This is the 1st successful project executed in India using Aeration and Bio-remediation Technique. The status of lake was transformed from Hypertrophic condition to Mesotrophic condition. Use of the aeration and bioremediation technique was effective for improving the quality of lake water to the accepted standard for water bodies being used for fishing and recreational purposes. Though the installation cost of equipment, power and monitoring the water quality is high, the cost of maintenance is relatively low.
ii. iii.
iv.