Tirupur

A STUDY ON ITS ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

Group 7 Shruti Patra- 73 Dhruv Devgun 74 Reena Kumari 79 Rupesh Jain 83 Vaibhav Maheshwari 88 Anshul Bansal 102 Ravish Kapoor - 133

Introduction

India is one of the largest textile exporters in the world Introduction of New economic policy and removal of quota system has further fuelled the growth of exports over the years.

Tirupur, Tamil Nadu is one of the largest contributor to Indias textile output, and has 4,000 units in this business
It thus, contributes a significant part of Indias foreign exchange But this increasing commercialization has taken a toll on its environment. It is facing a severe shortage of potable water and infrastructure.

Environmental Degradation

Dyeing and bleaching units, mostly primitive, are pumping out large quantities of effluents. The ground water, soil and water bodies, as a result have degraded up to a large extend 700 dyeing units discharge 100 million litres of untreated effluent everyday. As a result, sludge has accumulated largely in Noyyal, a tributary of cauvery. Moreover, 20,000 acres of land downstream has been rendered unfit for cultivation.

Dyeing Industry- bearing the burn

The dyeing units are creating many problems due to environmental pollution, and Madras High court has approached activists to

propose a lasting solution.

Court has ordered these units to shut down, unless they add RO system to treat their discharge.

Current effluent treatment

Almost 12 different processes in dyeing release effluents. Dyeing industries introduced a treatment process, to remove the dye color from water.

Solar Pond and primary treatment plant.

A 1000 metre square pond, is used to evaporate high salt content water, and the left over sludge is disposed off.

The left over processes have less content of salt, and are treated
using primary treatment plant, using various chemicals

As a result treated water is achieved, containing only biological waste, which still contaminate ground water.

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Govt of Tamil Nadu made it compulsory for Dyeing units to put the plant. Process: Primary treated effluent passes through secondary treatment in which effluent is treated with bacteria. Bacteria removes the biological matter The secondary effluent undergoes tertiary treatment.

Continued....

Reverse osmosis takes place in the tertiary treatment. These treated effluents can be reused by dyeing industries.

River Noyyal

Source of water for many places along Tirupur. Tirupur - Once an Agrarian village and farmers depended on the water for irrigation. Industrialization into textile town lead to environmental pollution.

People were ignorant of the ill effects and others neglected the consequences. Measures were not taken.

River is totally contaminated and has become a dumping ground.

Flora and fauna are in danger. Effluents have depleted agricultural land and contaminated the ground water

ORATHUPALAYAM DAM

Built on River Noyyal Dimension: 2290m (L) x 248m (W). Area: 423 Hectares. Irrigates 9875 acres of agricultural land in Karur district and 500 acres of land in Erode district. Max Outflow 90,900 cubic feet.

Contaminated water from effluents also gets stored in the dam. Problem of dam overflowing. Severe pollution problem. Government expresses concern and tightens effluent treatment requirement.

AFFECTED GROUP

WELL WATER(OPEN N CLOSED) CHANGE IN WATER COLOUR WATER BORNE DISEASE LAND IMPACTED LOW YIELD FISHES FISHES DIED AND CONTAMINATION IN AQUATIC LIFE. ANIMALS RESIDENTS-SMELL AND HEALTH PROBLEMS. DAM GOT ERRODED

IMPACT DEYING INDUSTRY

PROPER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES AROUND 600 INDUSTRIES SHUT DOWN DUE TO COURT ORDER, WHICH CREATED A SUPPLY CHAIN IMBALANCE.

TO AVOID CONSEQUENCES INDUSTRY PROMISED TO SET UP RO PLANTS IN FEW MONTHS TIME.

INVESTMENTS- 10 TO 20 MILLION COST FOR SINGLE RO PLANT, WHICH IS A VERY HIGH COST.

PRESENT SCENERIO

ONLY FEW INDUSTRIES SET-UP PLANT. TO ENSURE CONSISTENCY GOVT. MAKES SURPRISE VISITS. 20 CETP ( COMMON EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS) WERE SET UP, COVERING 437 COMPANIES. 92 BLEACHING UNITS WERE SETUP AND 152 INDUVIDUAL TREATMENT PLANTS COSTING 2000 MILLION.

PRESENT SCENERIO

TURN OVER 30000 MILLION. NEW TEXTILE TOWNSHIP NETHAJI APPAREL PARK, AS A RESULT EXPORTS WILL TOUCH 100000 MILLION.

WALMART BUYS TEXTILE COSTING $ 5 BILLION IN THIS REGION.

PROPOSED SOLUTION

SUBSIDIES SHOULD BE GIVEN FOE INITIAL SET-UP. IMPORT OF DYED CLOTHES FROM CHINA SHOULD BE DISCOURAGED. GOVT. SHOULD ACCELERATE THEIR ACTIONS TO AVOID CASES LIKE SIRUMUGAI IN COINBATORE AND AMBORE. GOVT SHOULD COMMERCIALIZE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION SECTOR BY ENCOURAGING PRIVATE PLAYERS TO ENTER THE SECTOR.

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