COURSE 10

Phraseology

COURSE 10
Simple term: one word / unit Ex. [informatic] rom. calculator, en. computer, fr. ordinateur, germ. Computer [fizic] rom. spectrofotometru, en. spectrophotometer, fr. spectrophotomtre, germ. Spektrophotometer Complex term: two or more units Ex. [ind. petrolier] rom. iu cu valv, en. casing-float shoe, fr. sabot tubulaire soupape, germ. Rohrschuh mit Schwimmventil [navigaie] rom. lep cu fundul plat, en. flat bottom barge, fr. chaland fond plat, germ. Schleppkahn mit flachem (plattem) Boden

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Simple terms can be considered generic elements (also sintagme cu determinant zero); ex. in Romanian: cheie, simple term as a technical term takes the form of the polysemous word in general language cheie; it is a generic term that can subdivided into hyponyms: =terms: cheie articulat, cheie cu opritor, cheie cu arc, cheie de robinet, cheie de separaie, cheie francez, cheie tubular, cheie universal etc. Or, in French terminology: cl (clef), cl charnire, cl cliquet, cl enclenchement, cl de robinet, cl pour mandrin, cl douille, cl anglaise etc. Or, in English terminology : [telecomunicaii] key, locking key, keystone, arch key, monitoring key, listening key, ring-back key, cut-off key etc

COURSE 10
Complex and compound terms are best adapted to the denominational needs of a terminology: they can pack information starting from an important characteristic ([economie] valoare de lichidare (valoarea unei firme dac ea s-ar dezmembra) they can define and classify ([politic comunitar] fr. accord communautaire, ~ dassociation, ~ de libre change, ~ de spcialisation, ~ mineur, ~ mixte etc.

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They can expand if necessar [IT] disque a primit, succesiv, extensiile: ~ compact, ~ compact a mmoire entierement fixe It can adapt to the characteristics of a particular language: fr. taxe sur valeur ajoute rom. taxa pe valoare adugat en. value added tax, germ. Mehrwertsteuer

COURSE 10
An initial delimitation of a term: =a base (main element) + all the descriptive / characterising elements. Add (possibly) relation to other terms of the same rank or higher. !!This however does not always work: ex. [economie] clauza naiunii celei mai favorizate is a term, clauza naiunii is not a term

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Compound terms Free combinations (occur accidentally in discourse) not lexicalized Collocations (terminological phrases, ap. Cabre, 1999:91) that occur frequently in the discourse of a special subject field
What makes the difference between them?

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Examples:
Computer science: press a key, insufficient memory, reboot the computer Administrative law: propose an amendment, fill out a form, adjourn a session Application Give examples of collocations in Romanian.

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Presentation in glossaries: Alphabetical order: entry starting with the initial element ex. authorized capital to be found under A Grammatical order: entry starting with the headword ex. authorized capital to be found under C (capital, authorized)
What happens when the term is formed of more than two elements?

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Possible term/phrase forms (in English): Noun + noun (measles vaccine) Compound adjective (single-stranded DNA) Adjective + noun (catalytic converter) Verb + adverb particle (phrasal verb) RARE Verb + preposition (prepositional verb) RARE Verb + noun (few) (to debug a program) Adverb + adjective (in LSP =Past Part.) (orally administered) (ap. P. Thomas, 1993:48)

COURSE 10
Identify the terms and their structure in the following text; translate it:

Structure of the virion All herpes viruses are morphologically identical. They have a large double stranded DNA genome. The VIRION consists of an icosahedral nucleocapsid of about 100 nm in diameter, which is surrounded by a lipid bilayer envelope. Between the capsid and the envelope is an amorphous layer of proteins, termed the tegument. The envelope that surrounds the nucleocapsid is derived from the inner nuclear membrane of the host cell. Virus-encoded glycoproteins are incorporated into the virion envelope and are visible as "spikes" that project from its surface.