A ROBUST ROBOT

MADE BY :

RAHUL PATHAK

INTRODUCTION

AUTOMATED SYSTEMS LIKE ROBOT CARRY OUT SPECIFIC TASKS. THESE SYSTEMS ARE USUALLY EMPLOYED IN ENVIORNMENTS WHERE CONDITIONS KEEP CHANGING. THE ROBOT BEING DESCRIBED HERE SENSES 38khz INFRARED RADIATION AND MOVES TOWARDS THAT DIRECTION.

BLOCK DIAGRAM M
IR SENSOR
I C R C O N T R O L E R U L N 2 8 0 4 M O T O R

IR SENSOR

IR SENSOR

M O T O R

HARDWARE USED

GENRAL PURPOSE PCB. 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC. ATMEL 89S52 MICROCONTROLLER IC. 12 MHZ CRYSTAL THREE 555 TIMER ICS. RESISTORS:100 OHM,2K2 OHM,220 OHMS. CAPACITORS:22 PF CERAMIC DISK 10 MICRO FARAD ELECTROLYTIC THREE TSOP1738.

HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS

BASICALLY AS THE POWER IS SWITCHED ON THE THREE 555 TIMER ICS PRODUCE A 38KHZ INFRARED RADIATION.THESE THREE SENSORS HAVE BEEN PLACED AT LEFT ,RIGHT,FRONT OF THE CAR. UNTILL AND UNLESS THE INFRARED RAYS FROM THE IR LED DONT FALL ON THE TSOP ATTACHED NO DATA IS FORWARDED TO THE CONTROLLER .

CONTINUATION

BUT

WHENEVER A OBSTACLE IS ENCOUNTERED THE IR RAYS ARE REFLECTED BY IT AND ARE RECEIVED BY THE TSOP. THE VOLTAGE ON CONTROLLER PIN GOES LOW AND RELAY IS SWITCHED ON USING ULN-2804.

PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

THE MOST BASIC PROBLEM WAS THAT OF EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES. ANOTHER IMPORTANT BASIC TO BE KEPT IN MIND IS REGARDING SOLDERING.REMEMBER:EXCESS OF SOLDER AND LOOSE CONNECTIONS ARE NOT WELCOMED. THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM IN ANY MECHANICAL BASED PROJECT IS THE MANUAL SETTINGS TO BE DONE.

TROUBLESHOOTING
THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF ANY PROJECT IS THAE PART OF TROUBLESHOOTING THAT PROJECT.

FOR MY PROJECT TWO MOST KEY THINGS WERE MY PATIENCE AND PERSEVERANCE THAT PROVED INDEPENSIBLE. FOR MY PROJECT THE TROUBLE SHOOTING INCLUDED SETTING THE SENSORS AND MAKING THE RELAYS ON ACCORDING TO THE SENSOR ACTION. HERE I WOULD LIKE TO TELL YOU THAT WHOLE OF THE FACULTY AT THE HARDWARE LAB HELPED ME A LOT.

TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM
WELL EVERYTHING ABOUT ANY PRODUCT OR IT BE ANY PROJECT DEPENDS UPON THE TECHNOLOGY BEING USED.TEHNOLOGY HAS TOUCHED NOT ONLY OUR INDUSTRIES BUT ALSO OUR DAY TO DAY LIFE. AS FAR AS TECHNOLOGY USED IN MY PROJECT IS CONCERNED ITS BASICALLY ,WHAT WE ALL KNOW BY THE NAME OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS.

EMBEDED SYSTEMS
An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform a dedicated function. Unlike a generalpurpose computer, such as a personal computer, an embedded system performs one or a few pre-defined tasks, usually with very specific requirements, and often includes task-specific hardware and mechanical parts not usually found in a generalpurpose computer. Since the system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product. Embedded systems are often massproduced, benefiting from economies of scale.

Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants. In terms of complexity embedded systems run from simple, with a single microcontroller chip, to very complex with multiple units, peripherals and networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.

Mobile phones or handheld computers share some elements with embedded systems, such as the operating systems and microprocessors which power them, but are not truly embedded systems themselves because they tend to be more general purpose, allowing different applications to be loaded and peripherals to be connected.

Examples of embedded systems

Avionics, such as inertial guidance systems, flight control hardware/software and other integrated systems in aircraft and missiles Cellular telephones and telephone switches Engine controllers and antilock brake controllers for automobiles Home automation products, such as thermostats, air conditioners, sprinklers, and security monitoring systems Handheld calculators Handheld computers Household appliances, including microwave ovens, washing machines, television sets, DVD players and recorders Medical equipment Personal digital assistant Videogame consoles Computer peripherals such as routers and printers Industrial controllers for remote machine operation Digital musical instruments (digital synthesizers and digital pianos). Security applications such as DVR and video server

APPLICATIONS
THE ROBOT CAN BE USED AS A PROTOTYPE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANY OTHER SUCH USEFUL PRODUCTS. WITH A SLIGHT MODIFICATION THE ROBOT CAN BE USED AS A FIRE FIGHTING ROBOT. IT CAN ALSO BE USED AS HEAT TRACKING MISSILE ROBOT.

REFERENCES
1. 2. 3. 4. THE ELECTRONICS FOR YOU MAGZINE. 8051PROJECTS.INFO WIKIPEDIA.COM MAZDI AND MAZDI

A WORD OF THANKS
NO WORK CAN EVER BE COMPLETE WITHOUT SHEER DETERMINATION AND PATIENCE AND HARDWORK.BUT BESIDES THESE VIRTUES THERE IS A GOLDEN KEY THAT HELPS TO UNLOCK GATES OF SUCCESS.ANHD THAT IS A GOOD GUIDANCE,A GOOD MENTOR,AND A PERSON WHO INSPIRES YOU AT EVERY STEP.

MY SPECIAL THANKS TO ALL FACULTY MEMBERS AND MYFRIENDS AT EMTECH FOUNDATION,WHO HELPED ME IN ACHIEVING WHAT I HAVE.