Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EN 3rd YR
COURSE OUTLINES
Introduction Types of dam Working Technology Costs Hydro electric power plant in India Advantages Disadvantages Future of hydropower Conclusion Reference
INTRODUTION
Hydro energy is simply energy that is taken from water and converted to electricity. Hydro energy is a renewable energy resource because it uses the Earth's water cycle to generate electricity. Hydro energy can be obtained by using many methods of capture. The most common method of using energy from water is a hydroelectric dam, where water coming down through an area causes turbines to rotate and the energy is captured to run a generator
DAM TYPES
Arch Gravity Buttress Embankment or earth
ARCH DAM
Arch shape gives strength Less material (chipper) Narrow sites Need strong abutments
BUTTRESS DAMS
Face is held up by a series of supports Flat or curved face
EMBANKMENT DAMS
Earth or rock Weight resists flow of water
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Hydrologic cycle
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HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
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Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Mechanical Energy
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GENERATING TECHNOLOGIES
Reaction turbines
Propeller Turbines : Bulb turbine, Straflo, Tube Turbine, Kaplan Turbine Francis Turbines Kinetic Turbines
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COST
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CONSTRUCTION COSTS
Hydro costs are highly site specific Dams are very expensive Civil works form two-thirds of total cost Varies 25 to 80%
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PRODUCTION COSTS
Compared with fossil-fuelled plant No fuel costs Low O&M cost Long lifetime
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Bhakra 1325 MW
Srisailam 1670 MW
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CONTINUED..
Maharashtra Himachal Pradesh
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Koyna 1920 MW
CONTINUED..
Karnataka Gujarat
Sharavathi 1496 MW
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ADVANTAGES
Hydropower is a large renewable source of energy It does not pollute the atmosphere It can respond to utility load demands It has very low operating costs Hydroelectric projects provide for recreation in reservoirs.
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DISADVANTAGE
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DISADVANTAGES
Due to dam local and surrounding wild life effected Dams are extremely expensive to build and must be built to a very high standard The high cost of dam construction means that they must operate for many decades to become profitable The flooding of large areas of land means that the natural environment is destroyed People living in villages and towns that are in the valley to be flooded, must move out. This means that they lose their farms and businesses
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World Atlas of Hydropower and Dams, 2002
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CONCLUSION
Overall CCGT appears to be the better investment Environmental or operational benefits not considered Overall HP is still a better investment for future
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SOURCE
www.hydropower.org
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