COMP-6600: Artificial Intelligence (Overview)

A tentative overview of the course is as follows: 1. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 2. Evolutionary Computation 3. Machine Learning

Overview (cont.)

This course will consist of: homework assignments (25%) a final exam (25%) a final project (50%) a final project presentation (10%)
[Must have a topic by week 5]

a final project report (40%)

Brief Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

One of the first questions we must ask ourselves concerning AI is, What does it mean to be intelligent? According to Websters New World Pocket Dictionary (3rd Edition), Intelligence is defined as, The ability to learn, or solve problems. Fogel in (Fogel, D. B., Evolutionary Computation: Toward a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence, IEEE Press, 2000) defines Intelligence, as the capability of a system to adapt its behavior to meet its goal in a range of environments. According to our textbook there are 4 camps based on thinking/acting humanly/rationally.
Thinking Humanly: Cognitive Modeling Thinking Rationally: Logic Acting Humanly: Turing Test Acting Rationally: Intelligent Agents

Brief Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (cont.)

In my opinion, Intelligence is the ability to create unique artifacts (ideas, or concepts) that previously did not exist.
Genesis 2:19,20 NIV Jeremiah 32:35 NIV

Is it possible to reliably classify an entity as intelligent by merely observing or interacting with it?
Sphex Wasp (Fogel, 2000,p. 13; Russell & Norvig, 2003, p. 37) Dung Beetle (Russell & Norvig, 2003, p. 37) Eliza (Weizenbaum) Parry

COMP-4640: Symbolic AI
Based on Newell & Simons Physical Symbol System Hypothesis Uses logical operations that are applied to declarative knowledge bases (FOPL) Commonly referred to as Classical AI Represents knowledge about a problem as a set of declarative sentences in FOPL Then logical reasoning methods are used to deduce consequences Another name for this type of approach is called the knowledgebased approach The Symbol Processing Approach uses top-down design of intelligent behavior.

COMP-6600: Sub-symbolic Approach

Based on the Physical Grounding Hypothesis bottom-up style Starting at the lowest layers and working upward. In the sub-symbolic approach signals are generally used rather than symbols Proponents believe that the development of machine intelligence must follow many of the same evolutionary steps. Sub-symbolic approaches rely primarily on interaction between machine and environment. This interaction produces and emergent behavior (evolutionary robotics, Nordin, Lund) Some other sub-symbolic approaches are: Evolutionary Computation, Artificial Immune Systems, and Neural Networks