Brain Computer Interface

Presentation by

Amal Tom Sebastian

In the futuristic vision of the wachowski brothers movie triolgy The matrix humans dive into a virtual world by connecting their brains dirctly to the compuer.

MOVIE FICTION: THE MATRIX

CONTENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10.
11. 12. 13.

WHAT IS BCI? BCI MODEL HOW DOES IT WORK? PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION WHAT IS AN EEG? BCI APPROACHES WHY BCI? APPLICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES FUTURE WORK CONCLUSION REFERENCES

What is BCI?

 Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a fast-growing emergent technology, in which researchers aim to build a direct channel between the human brain and the computer. A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a collaboration in which a brain accepts and controls a mechanical device as a natural part of its representation of the body.

BCI MODEL

BCI APPROACHES
TYPES

INVASIVE

SEMI INVASIVE

NON INVASIVE

 INVASIVE
Invasive BCIs are implanted directly into the grey matter of the brain during neurosurgery. As they rest in the grey matter, invasive devices produce the highest quality signals of BCI devices but are prone to scartissue build-up, causing the signal to become weaker or even lost as the body reacts to a foreign object in the brain

 SEMI INVASINE

SEMI-INVASIVE BCI devices are implanted inside the skull but rest outside the brain rather than amidst the grey matter. They produce better resolution signals than non-invasive BCIs where the bone tissue of the cranium deflects and deforms signals and have a lower risk of forming scartissue in the brain than fully-invasive BCIs.

 NON INVASIVE

Non-invasive implants produce poor signal resolution because the skull dampens signals, dispersing and blurring the electromagnetic waves created by the neurons.
Easy to wear.

BRAINWAVES PRODUCED BY EEG

WHAT IS AN EEG????
o An electroencephalogram is a measure of the brain's voltage fluctuations as detected from scalp electrodes. o It is an approximation of the cumulative electrical activity of neurons. o EEG measures the electrical activity of the brain with multiple electrodes placed on the scalp o It is portable and relative inexpensive that is why most noninvasive BCIs are presently based on EEG.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

HOW DOES IT WORKS????

WHY BCI????
o BCI is a new neuroscience paradigm that might help us better understand how the human brain works. o BCI research allows us to develop a new class of bioengineering control devices and robots. o BCI hold promise for rehabilitation and improving performance. o BCI can expand possibilities for advanced human computer interfaces (HCIs).

APPLICATIONS
MENTAL TYPEWRITER BCI offers paralyzed patients improved quality of life. MILITARY and CIVIL RESEARCH. Allow patients to control a computer by conscious changes of

ADVANTAGES
DIRECT

COMMUNICATION between human brain and computers. Better LIVING, more FEATURES, more ADVANCEMENT in technologies etc. New work area for scientists and researches around the world.

DISADVANTAGES
Virus attacks may

occur to brain causing ill effects. Requires extensive training. BCI techniques are costly. Slow speed.

FUTURE WORKS

Improving physical methods for gathering EEGs. Improving generalization. Improving knowledge of how to interpret waves.

CONCLUSTION
BCI is an advancing technology promising paradigm shift in areas like Machine Control, Human Enhancement, Virtual reality and etc. So, its potentially high impact technology.
Several potential applications of BCI hold promise for rehabilitation and improving performance, such as treating emotional disorders (for example, depression or anxiety), easing chronic pain, and overcoming movement disabilities due to stroke.

REFERANCES

www.elecdesign.co m www.brainlab.org

www.en.wikipedia.c om/braincomputerin terface

www.howstuffworks .com