GAS MATERIAL BALANCE

OUTLINE:

Volumetric depletion reservoir. Water drive mechanism. Burns et al method. Gas material balance exercise.

VOLUMETRIC DEPLETION RESERVOIR

The term volumetric depletion reservoir applies to the performance of a gas reservoir in which water influx due to pressure decline is insignificant. Volume of the hydrocarbon remains constant and can be calculated by the following equation.

As the pressure decline from the initial reservoir pressure for a given volume of production Gp material balance equations can be written.

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

VOLUMETRIC DEPLETION RESERVOIR

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

VOLUMETRIC DEPLETION RESERVOIR

The assumption that hydrocarbon pore volume is constant is problematic. Connate water saturation expansion. Grain pressure increases due to fluid pressure reduction.

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

VOLUMETRIC DEPLETION RESERVOIR

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

VOLUMETRIC DEPLETION RESERVOIR

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

WATER DRIVE RESERVOIR

If the reduction in reservoir pressure leads to water influx into the reservoir material balance equation is modified.

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

WATER DRIVE RESERVOIR

is the fraction of the hydrocarbon which is flooded by the water. The effect of water influx is to maintain the pressure. Material balance equation for water drive mechanism in gas reservoir is a non linear equation. A mathematical model needs to be defined to interpret history matching and prediction. Aquifer fitting. If the aquifer is the same size of reservoir then a simple mathematical model can be applied.

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

WATER DRIVE RESERVOIR

If the production history of the reservoir is available Burns et al proposed the following method. Step1: Depletion material balance ( apparent gas in place).

Step 2: corrected value of the gas in place can be calculated by the following formula:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

WATER DRIVE RESERVOIR

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

EXERCISE:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

EXERCISE:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

GIIP:

Gas water contact depth pressure Temperature

Z factor calculation at GWC

EGWC

Gas pressure gradient

Gas pressure at the centroid

Temperature

Ei

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Pressure at GWC: Temperature at GWC: Z factor: 0.888 Gas formation factor at GWC:

Gas pressure gradient:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Gas pressure at centroid:

Temperature at centroid:

GIIP:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Step1: calculate cumulative gas production until the pressure reduced to 1200 psi. When P=1200 psi, Z=0.832.

Step2: cumulative gas production in the build up period:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Step3: Cumulative gas production in plateau period:

Step4:Time in which reservoir can produce at the rate of 100 MMscf/d:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development

SOLUTION:

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering, L.P. Dake , Shell Learning and Development