Measurement While Drilling An Overview

Overview of Surveying Why Well bores are Surveyed

Surveys are taken:

To permit calculation of well coordinates at a series of measured depths, thus specifying well path and current bottom hole location To measure inclination and azimuth, hence well direction To determine orientation of tool face To locate doglegs and allow calculation of dogleg severity

Overview of Surveying Why Well bores are Surveyed

Accurate knowledge of the course of a well bore is necessary:

To avoid collision with other wells To allow intersection by a relief well in the event of a blowout To hit the geological target areas To provide a better definition of geological and reservoir data to allow for optimization of production

Overview of Surveying Data Gathering Techniques

Photographic film

Disks / strip Multi-shot / MWD

Memory modules

Wire line

Surface readout
MWD

Mud Pulse Telemetry

Overview of Surveying Technology Tree

Survey

Magnetic

Gyroscopic

Low INC

High INC

Low INC

High INC

SS

MS

MS

MWD

Non SRG

SRG

North Seeking

Inertial

OR = Orientation SS = Single-Shot MS = Multi-Shot ST = Steering Tool SRG = Surface Readout Gyro MWD = Measurement While Drilling

Overview of Surveying MWD

Probe systems

Battery powered 150C (302F) Turbine powered 125C (257F) Large hole

Collar systems

Overview of Surveying Collar MWD

Function

Provide extremely reliable borehole surveying and drillstring orientation, nonmagnetic environments. Act as the platform for all gamma, dynamic, resistivity, and nuclear measurements

Limitations

Hot hole environments

Overview of Surveying MWD (Short Radius)

Efficiency
Eliminate wireline Compliment Drilling Systems

MWD

Safety
No split bushings BOP Operation Continuous circulation

Cost

Cost savings Assist the overall drilling project economics Interchangeable Sensor Modules Directional Gamma

Short Radius Motor