Marriage and Family

put the world right in order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must first put the family in order; to put the family in order, we must first cultivate our personal life; we must first set our hearts right. ~CONFUCIUS

To

NATURE AND DEFINITIONS OF MARRIAGE

Family provides social, psychological and emotional needs

FAMILY
Nursery of human nature

Social institution

Established by society to ensure its continuity

Basic and oldest social unit

Marriage
Constructed to insure the continuity of the family and the perpetuation of the human specie It involves certain behavioral processes and legal or religious practices which become patterned and organized into the system of matrimony.

Marriage
It is systemized and institutionalized for the purpose of:

Rearing children.

regulation of sexual behavior

Marriage
Family Code of the Philippines (August 3, 1988) defines marriage as a :
Special contract of PERMANENT UNION between a MAN and a WOMAN entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of CONJUGAL AND FAMILY LIFE.

Marriage
Light and Keller (1985) defines marriage as:
a socially recognized UNION BETWEEN TWO OR MORE INDIVIDUALS that typically involves sexual and economic rights of duties.

 marriage is a business partnership as much as a romantic fairy tale; it involves compromises, division of labor, specialization, financial arrangements, and communication systems. - Light and Keller

TWO VIEWS OF MARRIAGE

Two views of marriage:

Legal Point of View

posits that marriage is a contract.

Religious Point of View

posits that marriage is a sacrament

Legal Point of View

A contract Applies to:

A man and a woman who agree to live together as husband and wife To fulfill their obligations and duties to each other

It is permanent *the law provides legal separation, annulment or action of support. *the law provides penal and civic sanctions
Ex. Criminal action for adultery or concubinage

*any party whose right as stipulated in the contract have been violated can a file a petition in court for the redress of his or her grievances

Religious point of view

Sacrament It is inviolable bond between a man and a woman who take each other as husband and wife Only death can separate the spouses what God has put together let no man put asunder

THE MEANING OF MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY ISSUE

The Meaning of Marriage and the Family Issue

the most basic issue centers around the:

1. meaning and the purpose of marriage and family. 2. It questions the sources of authority in marital and family decisions. 3. It questions whether marriage itself is necessary.

The Meaning of Marriage and the Family Issue

The most traditional social norm views: 1. marriage as a sacred phenomenon

Family and marriage are divine and holy institution

2. Created and maintained by God 3. marriages are made in Heaven

The traditional family norms and the non traditional alternatives

Traditional Family Norms

Non Traditional Alternatives

Legally married
Married once Heterosexual Marriage Endogamous marriage

Single-hood never married Non marital Cohabitation

Remarriage , Multiple Marriages Same sex marriage Interfaith marriage Interracial marriage Interclass marriage Multi adult households Communal living Affiliated families Voluntary childless Single parent Joint custody Step families (3+ parents) Until divorce or separation

Two-adult households

Children Two parents living together

Until death

Traditional Family Norms

Non Traditional Alternatives School Churches Government-police Clubs, professional sport

Parent as a key source of: Education Religion Protection Recreation Male as provider

Female provider Dual careers Commuter marriages Female as head: Androgynous relationship
Welfare Social security Pre-or non marital intercourse Extra marital relationship Sexually open marriages Intimate friendships

Male as head or authority

Self-supporting, independent Premarital chastity Marital exclusivity

The Meaning of Marriage and the Family Issue The second traditional social norm view:
1. Marriage and family is a social obligation.

The third meaning of marriage :

1. Families and marital relationship exist for the individual.
is not with God or with Society but with ME And if I choose a marriage like relationship by cohabiting, either heterosexually or homosexually, that is too my business. After all Im not marrying my family, my church, my community or Philippine society as long as I am happy. If I am unhappy, neither God or Society can dictate my behavior.

IMPORTANT LEGAL MATTERS ON MARRIAGE

Important Legal Matters On Marriage

A. ESSENTIAL REQUISITES FOR MARRIAGE

Family Code of the Philippines provides: Art. 2: No marriage shall be valid, unless these essential requisites are present: Legal capacity of the contracting parties (18 yrs. or upwards), who must be a male and female; and consent freely given in the presence of the solemnizing officer.

Important Legal Matters On Marriage

B. FORMAL REQUISITES OF MARRIAGE Art.3. the formal requisites of marriage are: Authority of solemnizing officer ; A valid marriage license except in cases provided in chapter 2 of this title; and A marriage ceremony which takes place with the appearance of the contracting parties before the solemnizing officer and their personal declaration that they take each other as husband and wife in the presence of not less than two witnesses of legal age: Art.4.The absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage void ab initio (void from the beginning) except as stated in Article 35(a). A defect in any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage voidable as provided in art. 45

Important Legal Matters On Marriage

C.

ANNULMENT OF A MARRIAGE ANNULMENT refers to the legal process of filing a petition in the appropriate court seeking a judicial declaration of making a marriage null and void ab initio or from the beginning as if no marriage took place

annulment of marriage
Art.45.Enumerates the grounds for annulment of marriage, as follows: 1. One of the contracting parties is 18 yrs. of age or over but bellow 21 and without parental consent; 2. Either party was of unsound mind; 3. Consent of either party was obtained by fraud, force and intimidation; 4. Either party was physically incapable of consummating the marriage with the other; and 5. Either party was afflicted with a sexually transmissible disease found to be serious and incurable.

D. LEGAL SEPARATION
Legal Separation- refers to the legal process of filling a petition in the appropriate court seeking a judicial declaration of legal separation for married couples. Art.55. A petition for legal separation may be filed on any of the following grounds:
1. Repeated physically violence or grossly abusive conduct directed against the petitioner; 2. Physical violence or moral pressure to compel the petitioner, apolitical affiliation; 3. Attempt of respondent to corrupt r induce the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner, to engage in prostitution, or connivance in such corruption or inducement; 4. Final judgment sentencing the respondent to imprisonment of more than six yrs; even if pardoned; 5. Drug addiction or habitual alcoholism of the respondent; 6. Lesbianism or homosexuality of the respondent; 7. Contracting by the respondent of a subsequent bigamous marriage, whether in the Philippines or abroad ; 8. sexual infidelity or perversion; 9. Attempt by the respondent against the life of the petitioner; or 10.Abandonment of petitioner by respondent without justifiable cause for more that one year.

NORMS OF MARRIAGE ON THE SELECTION OF POTENTIAL MARRIAGE PARTNERS

NORMS OF MARRIAGE ON THE SELECTION OF POTENTIAL MARRIAGE PARTNERS

Endogamy-is a rule that requires a person to marry someone from within his or her own grouptribe, nationality, religion, race community, or any other social grouping. Exogamy-is a rule that requires a person to marry someone from outside his her own group. Sororate-prescribes that a widower marry the sister or nearest kin of the decease wife. Levirate-prescribes that widows marry the brother nearest kin of the deceased husband.

FORMS OF MARRIAGE

FORMS OF MARRIAGE
1. Monogamy -marriage between one man and one woman 2. Polygamy or plural marriage has three forms:
1. Polygyny- one husband and two or more wives 2. Polyandry- one wife and two or more husbands 3. Group marriage- two or more husbands and two or more wives.

BASIS ON CHOOSING A MARRIAGE PARTNER

BASIS ON CHOOSING A MARRIAGE PARTNER 1. Parental Selection or Arranged Marriages

Families that have important stake in the type of spouse their son or daughter will take usually practice

2. Romantic Love
has become an important basis for marriage in our society. It is the theme of most of our popular songs, the subject of many of our movies and television shows, and made active in scores of popular books and magazine articles.

WHY PEOPLE MARRY

Love Unhappy home situation Economic security . Money Emotional security Companionship Parents wishes Protection Escape from loneliness Adventure Common interest
Begetting

and rearing of

children Physical attraction Compatibility . Acceptance of Martial bliss and Death of a former spouse happiness Care and nurturance happiness Sex and sexual attraction Parenthood

DEFINITION AND NATURE OF FAMILY

DEFINITION AND NATURE OF FAMILY

Burgess and Locke (1963) ` define the family as a group of persons united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption, constituting a single household, interacting and communicating with each other in their respective social roles of husband and wife, mother and father, son daughter, brother and sister, creating and a common culture.

DEFINITION AND NATURE OF FAMILY

Light (1985) - defines the family as a group of people who are united by ties of marriage, ancestry, or adoption and who are recognized by the community as constituting a single household and as having the responsibility for rearing children.
Murdock (1949)defines the family as a social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation and reproduction.

THEORIES OR PERSPECTIVE ON THE FAMILY

THEORIES OR PERSPECTIVE ON THE FAMILY

Theory:1. The functionalist Perspective

if a society is to survive and maintain itself across time, certain essential functions must be performed.
Functions: Regulation and sexual behavior; Reproduction; Biological maintenance;S ocialization; Care and protection function; Social placement or group status; Social control.

Theory: 2 The Conflict Perspective

Jetse Sprey (1979), agree with the functionalists position that the family institution and other groups in society are organized systems of species survival.

 Theory: 3The Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveThe symbolic interationist direct considerable attention to the symbolic environment in which people carry out their daily activities.

PATTERNS OF FAMILY ORGAIZATION

A. BASED ON INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OR MEMBERSHIP

Nuclear Family is composed of a husband and his wife and their children in a union recognized by the other members of the society.
a. The family of the orientation is the family into which a person is born and where he is reared or socialized. b. The family of procreation is the family that such person established through marriage and consists of a husband, a wife, a sons and daughter.

A. BASED ON INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OR MEMBERSHIP

Extended Family is composed of two or more nuclear families, economically and socially related to each other. Linton (Murdock 1949) Two types of family:
Conjugal family
corresponds to the nuclear family where priority is given to marital ties.

Consanguineal family
corresponds to the extended family where priority is given to blood ties

b. BASED ON DESCENT Descent implies family genealogical ties of a person with a particular group of kinsfolk.
Bilateral descent- involves the reckoning of descent through both the fathers and mothers families Patrilineal descent- involves the reckoning of descent through the fathers family only. Matrilineal descent- involves the reckoning of descent through the mothers family only.

C. BASE ON RESIDENCE
arrangement where the family will reside. Patrilocal -the married couple live with or near the husbands family Matrilocalthe husband leaves his family and sets up housekeeping with or near his wifes family. Neolocal-the married couple establish a new home; they reside independently of the parents of either groom or bride. Bilocal- it gives the couple a choice of staying with either the grooms parents or the brides parents.

D. Base on authority
to whom the power, authority and decision making is vested

Patriarchy
authority and decision making is vested to the oldest male , often the father

Matriarchy
authority and decision making is vested in the mother or the mothers kin

Equalitarian or egalitarian
authority and decision making is vested both husband and wife

Matricentric
authority and decision making is vested to mother due to prolonged absence of the father