UMTS: Universal Mobile

Telecommunications System

Submitted To: Presented By:

Telecom Network Solution Mahendar Singh
Noida IHP/57th
 Aim of Presentation
 To attain a general understanding of UMTS systems
 GSM Evolution Towards UMTS
 2.5G Standards (Transition between 2G-3G)

Difference between GSM-UMTS
 UMTS: FDD/TDD
 UMTS Network Elements and Architecture
UE: User Equipments
UTRAN:UMTS Terrestrial Radio Accesses Network
CN: Core Network
 Major Interfaces in UMTS
 Introduction to 3G Planning Techniques
 UMTS: A Brief Overview
 UMTS is the recent telecomm Standard system
(3G) developed from the existing GSM system,one
can say that its a resultant of R&D done on various
levels of 1st and 2nd generation GSM system
 It is a universal Mobile telecom system designed
to provide seamless telecomm services with
enhancement in quality,data, rate,
reliability,connectivity , system interfaces
adaptability ,current and next generation
technologies …and so on
 UMTS is a 3G GSM successor standard i.e.
downward-compatible with GSM,

UMTS is the third generation solution developed
and adopted by ETSI (European Technical
Standards Institute).
 It is therefore expected that the vast majority of
current GSM operators will become involved in
deploying UMTS networks
 GSM Evolution Towards UMTS
Evolution of GSM towards UMTS can be explained in terms of
“generations”:

The entire cellular systems

since intoduced has effectively
been replaced at times.
These major changes are
referred to as a new
“generation” of cellular
systems.
2.5G Standard A Transition 2G-3G
HSCS
 High Speed Circuit Switched Data
 Enhancement to the GSM standard
 Utilises:
Multiple channel coding schemes (4.8kbps, 9.6kbps,
14.4kbps per timeslot)
Multiple timeslots
Circuit Switched Data rates to 57.6kbps
4 slots with 14.4kbps channel coding per slot
 GPRS
 General Packet Radio Service
 Enhancement to the GSM standard
 Utlilises
Multiple Timeslots
Packet Switching
 Packet Switched Data typically to rates of 56kbps
Theoretically 171.2kbps for 8 timeslots

UMTS Introduces serving GPRS support node -
SGSN
 EDGE
 Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
Sometimes called E-GPRS (Enhanced GPRS)
 Enhancement to the GSM and TDMA standards
 Utlilises:
8PSK Modulation
Possible 1.6 MHz carrier under IS-136
8 Channel Coding Schemes
Multiple Timeslots (similar frame structure to GSM)
TDMA
 Data up to rates of 384kbps (typically less)
 Difference GSM and UMTS
Major difference is air interface
– GSM: TDMA and FDMA
– UMTS: Wide-band code
division multiple access
(WCDMA)
 UMTS Modes

UMTS

UMTS-FDD UMTS-TDD
 UMTS FDD
• Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Frequency Division Duplexing Mode

• Built onto enhanced GSM core network

• Utilises:
• QPSK modulation (Quadrature phase shift keying)
• Multiple channel coding and bearer rates
• Variable spreading factors and multi-code
transmission
• CDMA
• FDD
• Asynchronous operation

• Data up to rates of 2Mbps

 UMTS TDD
• Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Time Division
Duplexing Mode
• Built onto enhanced GSM core network

• Utilises:
• QPSK modulation
• Multiple channel coding and bearer rates
• CDMA
• TDD
• Asynchronous operation

• Data up to rates of 2Mbps

• Will happen after UMTS FDD

UMTS Architecture
Overview
 User Equipment UE
The UMTS UE is based on the same principles as the GSM MS
—
the separation between mobile equipment (ME) and the UMTS
subscriber identity module (SIM)card
(USIM).
UE consists of :
• Display and User Interface
• Holds the Authentication Algorithms and keys
• User End Termination of the Air Interface
• Application Platform
Mobile Equipment
The radio terminal is used for radio
communication over the Uu
interface

UMTS Subscriber Identity Module

The smartcard that holds the
subscriber identity, authentication
and encryption keys
Etc

Terminal Equipment
The terminal equipment connects to
the UE. This carries the application
specific user
interface
 General Core Network Architecture
Home Location Register (HLR)
The database storing the master copy
of a users profile

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

The database holding a copy of a
visiting users profile

Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)

Switch for Circuit Switched Services
Gateway MSC (GMSC)

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)

Router for Packet Switched Services
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
 UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
Network UTRAN
Node B
Acts as the radio basestation (BTS
in GSM)
Converts the data flow between
the Iub and Uu interfaces

RNC
• Responsible for the use and
integrity of the radio resources
within the RNS
• Responsible for the handover
decisions that require signalling to
the UE
• Provides a combining/splitting
function to support macrodiversity
between different Node Bs
 Major Interfaces in UMTS
• There are four major new interfaces defined
in UMTS
• Iu
The interface between UTRAN
and the CN
• Iur
The Interface between different
RNCs
• Iub
The interface between the Node
B and the RNC
• Uu
The air interface
 Radio Planning for UMTS
 Principle Design Considerations

There are two design considerations when planning a

3G network.
3G is a multiservice network and 3g requires the
practical implementation of WCDMA
Planning can be broken into 3 phases
Dimensioning: To determine the approximate number of sites, cells and number of
network elements.
· Radio Link Budget
· Coverage Analysis
· Capacity estimation
· Required numbers of network elements eg RNC’s

Detailed planning: Involves the use of a radio network planning tool.

Ericcson - TEMS Cell planner
· ATDI - ICS Telecom System
· Logica - Odyssey
· Nokia – NetAct Planner
· CRIL - ELLIPSE M-NPT

Optimisation:In WCDMA system optimisation starts right back at the planning

phase
 Interference is the biggest problem in WCDMA
and need to control, this can be done through

Optimisation of
Site Location and configuration
Height, direction, beamwidth and tilt of antennas
Cable losses
Mast head amplifiers