Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Industry Profile
Industry refers to all the companies put together in a particular field of activity at national / international level E.g. BHEL is a company, Industry refers to electrical power generating company collectively at national and international level
2. Company Profile
a. Background and inception of the company b. Nature of the business carried. c. Vision, Mission, and Quality policy. d. Product/service profile e. Area of operation-Global/National/Regional f. Ownership pattern g. Competitors information h. Infrastructure facilities i. Achievements / awards if any J. Work flow model (end to end) k. Future growth and prospectus
3. 7 S model 4. SWOT analysis of the company 5. Summary of the latest annual reprt of the company 6. Learning experience
1. Industry Profile
Industry overview Trends, growth rate Major players at global, national and regional levels Market share Contribution to economy Business environment
2. Company Profile
founded? When it was founded? What was the business philosophy? What were business objectives?
2. Company Profile
NGO
Profit
/ service / co-operative
2. Company Profile
2. Company Profile
2. Company Profile
E. Area of operation
Global:
Manufacturing locations abroad and markets served, Marketing offices abroad, or exports to various countries National: State in which manufacturing facilitates are located, marketing offices, market shares Regional: Regional markets
2. Company Profile
F. Ownership pattern
Type
of company: Private or Public? Single owner, partnership, Private limited or Public limited? Public sector-Under ministry or corporation or public limited company, Joint venture. Major share holders, and shares held Board of Directors
2. Company Profile
G. Competitors information
Major
2. Company Profile
H. Infrastructural facilities
R
& D facilities Manufacturing facilities Office automation Utilities Welfare facilities Training facilities
2. Company Profile
achievements including market leadership, inventions, patents etc Any quality certification-ISO 9000, QS 9000, ISO 14000 Awards- Business excellence awards, Quality awards
2. Company Profile
7 S Model
The 7 S framework of Mckinsey is a model that describes how one can holistically and effectively organize a company. Together the 7 factors determine how a corporation operates.
7 S Model
Managers should take into account all seven of these factors, to be sure of successful implementation of a strategy. Large or small. They are all interdependent, so if you fail to pay proper attention to one of them, this may effect all others as well. On top of that, the relative importance of each factor may vary over time
7 S Model
The Seven-Ss is a framework for analyzing organizations and their effectiveness. It looks at the seven key elements that make the organizations successful, or not:
The 7-S Framework was first mentioned in "The Art Of Japanese Management" by Richard Pascale and Anthony Athos in 1981. They had been investigating how Japanese industry had been so successful. At around the same time that Tom Peters and Robert Waterman were exploring what made a company excellent.
The Seven S model was born at a meeting of these four authors in 1978. It appeared also in "In Search of Excellence" by Peters and Waterman, and was taken up as a basic tool by the global management consultancy company McKinsey. Since then it is known as their 7-S model.
7 S Model
Staff: The number of staff, How people are hired, integrated, developed, socialized into the organization. Skills: Distinctive skills, capabilities, and competencies that reside in the organization. Strategies: The initiatives that the organization has chosen to gain sustainable advantage and reach its vision.
Structure: The organizational structure, roles, and other framework the organization uses to guide its activities. Systems: The formal and informal processes and procedures that support and govern activities. Style: The leadership approach of top management. Shared values: The guiding concepts and principles used to guide behavior in the organization.
Strategy The Hard Ss Structure The hard elements are factual and easy to identify. They can be Systems found in strategy statements, Style corporate plans, organization charts, and other documentation Staff Skills Shared values
The Soft Ss
The soft elements are difficult to describe since they are continuously developing and changing. They are highly determined by the people at work in the organization.
Strategy
Actions
a company plans in response to or in anticipation of changes in its external environment It is determination of the mission or purpose and long-term objectives of an enterprise, followed by adoption of courses of action and allocation of resources necessary to achieve these aims. Mission Major objectives Strategic intent
Strategy
Strategic intent-The commitment to win in the competitive environment The company's chosen strategic direction has a large influence on how the organization will be structured and how it will behave in the future. Marketing Strategy-Diversification, Expansion, Product mix, Pricing strategy Production-Outsource or In-house HR strategies Joint ventures, Alliances, Collaborations
Structure
Structure
Basis
for specialization and coordination, influenced primarily by strategy and by organization size and diversity
Organizational structure should follow logically from its intended strategy. It also suggest that the two components, structure and strategy, are interactive and will influence each other
Organizational Structure
Organization Chart
formal
Systems to facilitate:
coordination communication integration
Structural Designs
Functional Structure
Divisional Structure Geographical Structure Matrix Structure Horizontal Structure / Product Line Structure Hybrid Structure
CEO
Chief Accountant
Budget Analyst
Plant Superintendent
Maintenance Superintendent
Training Specialist
Benefits Administrator
Joint Ventures Licensing agreements Strategic Alliances Virtual organizations Global (transnational) Work Teams
Virtual Teams
Communication & collaboration skills are high. Trust among team members is high
Organizations are increasing their use of virtual teams Potential for improvement in virtual team management is huge
Systems
Systems
Systems refer to the internal procedures and routines that the company uses in its every day business. The processes and procedures through which things get done from day to day (a very powerful S) The systems can be formal or informal systems and are really what makes the business function. Examples are capital budgeting systems, recruitment procedures and informal networking.
Communications practice and system Management reporting system Approval process Planning/budgeting system Rewards system including appraisal Rules
Leadership Styles
Some managers (but not all) are leaders Some leaders (but not all) are good managers A manager gets work done through the efforts of other people
Includes planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling Communicates that vision and moves the organization toward that vision
Staff
The staff component is central to the organization and it overall performance of course - the model recognizes this and tries to chart the main influences on staff systems and development The organization's human resources; refers to how people are developed, trained, socialized, integrated, motivated, and how their carriers are managed. Recruitment Selection Placement Training and Development
Staff
Managerial
Skills
Skills refers to what are the key skills and capabilities within the company. What is the company good at? Peters and Waterman recognized IBM for its ability in the area of customer services and product innovation Distinctive capabilities of personnel or of the organization as a whole
Skills
Core competencies- CK Prahlad Can not be imitated Developed through continuous improvement Strength of the organization
Shared values
originally called super ordinate goals; the guiding concepts and principles of the organization - values and aspirations, often unwritten - that go beyond the conventional statements of corporate objectives; the fundamental ideas around which a business is built; the things that influence a group to work together for a common aim.
Shared values
What does the organization stands for and what it believes in. Central beliefs and attitudes. Guiding concepts, fundamental ideas around which a business is built Values define what is and isn't acceptable they become organization's code of behavior
Shared values
Effective organizations achieve a harmony between these seven elements; if one element changes, then this will affect all the others
Strategy The 7-S Model can be Structure a valuable tool to Systems initiate change processes and to give Style them direction; i.e. Staff determine current Skills state and ideal state of Super ordinate goals each element, and develop action plans to close the gaps
In change processes, many organizations focus their efforts on the hard Ss; however, the soft factors can make or break a successful change process. All factors * Note: Students have learnt 7 s from MBP ( Management the first semester. must Part) be in accounted Students should not simply repeat the definitions in the report. But they should for. apply the concepts and report the applications with reference to the project
organisations in the report.
Diagnostic tool for understanding organizations that are ineffective. Guides organizational change. Combines rational and hard elements with emotional and soft elements. Managers must act on all Ss in parallel and all Ss are interrelated.
Questions: Strategies
What are the organizations strategic initiatives? Are strategies aligned with and supportive of vision? Is there sufficient clarity of the strategy for people in the organization to plan and implement? Is there shared understanding and agreement on the set of strategies?
Questions: Strategies
Are there sufficient resources in the organization to fully address strategies? Is there fully accountability/ownership for each strategy? Is the outcome for accomplishing the strategy clear? (reward)?
Questions: Structure
Is the organizational structure appropriate given the strategies and objectives? Are the roles clear and defined well enough to ensure accountability? Are the reporting structures realistic, practical, and clear? Where is the connection to customers? Does the floor plan/physical layout facilitate communication and interaction? Are the job descriptions and levels structured to support career development?
Questions: Systems
What information systems are in place? Are they effective and being used? What communication systems and tools are needed? Do people have access to communication channels? Do they have enough information to make good decisions? Are the rewards and recognition systems aligned with the vision, strategies and objectives? Do employees have clear work objectives? Are they receiving regular performance feedback? Are there sanctions for those who do not reach their goals?
Questions: Systems
Does business have effective planning systems? Do the plans effectively support in reaching strategies and objectives? What measurements systems are in place to make progress and problem areas visible to top management?
Questions: Style
How effective are the leaders and leadership style? What is the predominant model for decision making? Is it aligned with organizations values? Is it effective given the nature of the decisions and needs of the organization? How do leaders react under crisis? Does the leadership style vary depending on situation? Is leadership style effective in each situation? Are the leaders effective role models for the rest of the organization?
Questions: Staff
Is the number of people appropriate for the amount of work? What is the process of integrating new people into the organization? Do the people feel part of the team? Where are the people located geographically? Are they close to customers? Close to the work? What is the social network in the organization? Is it strong or week? Do the employees see other employees as partners or adversaries? What are the mechanisms to create a sense of team work? Is the work of an individual effort or team work that requires strong partnering?
Questions: Skills
What technical skills are needed in the organization? Where do these skills gets developed? What type of communication skills are needed? Oral, written, both etc. Are these skill requirements built into the selection process? What management skills are required for a manger to be successful? Is it expected that a person learn these elsewhere or within the organization? What are the rewards for effective people management? What incentives are provided for building new skills? How is the skill development managed within the organization? Is that individual driven or does the organization (or manager) drive?
How clear are the organization values? Are they stated or unstated? How does organization gain alignment or organization value with individual values? Are these disconnects? How are these reconciled? Do the values align with the organizations mission and objectives? Are there rewards for behaviors that align with values? How are the situations handled where there has been breach of values? How are the values communicated? Are the values universal or do they work best for certain groups and geographies?
SWOT analysis
A scan of internal and external environment is an important part of strategic planning process. Environmental factors internal to the firm are classified as Strengths or weaknesses, and those external to the firm are called opportunities and threats. SWOT analysis provides information that is helpful in matching the firms resources and capabilities to the competitive environment in which operates.
SWOT analysis
Strengths (Examples)
Patents
Strong
brand names Good reputation among customers Cost advantage Resources Distribution networks
SWOT analysis
Weakness (Examples)
Week
SWOT analysis
Opportunities (Examples)
Increasing
customer demand Emerging markets Removal of trade barriers Better technology Growing industry
SWOT analysis
Threats (Examples)
Shift
in consumer tastes Substitute products New regulations New players Trade barriers
Latest annual report Summary- Financial ratios( current ratio, Inventory turnover, Debtors turnover, N/P ratio, Gross profit ratio and intrepretation)
Learning Experience
Specific learning's from study-Application of theoretical concepts learned, Management functions, any techniques
PART B
1. a)General Introduction
Statement
KEY POINTS
Statement of the problem should be clearly defined at the beginning and it should be related to the field of specalisation Objective of the study: Each objective should have link with subsequent analysis and conclusion Hypothesis if any should be suitably tested by using using statistical analysis
General Introduction
Research
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design Descriptive/Analytical/Ex ploratory? Nature of Data Primary /Secondary? Sample Design: Sample Unit Sample size Sampling Technique Method of Data collection Tools used for Analysis
b) Analysis Design