What is Biometrics?

The automated use behavioral and physiological characteristics to determine or veiry an identity.
Rapid!
Know

Be

Have

Frauds in industry happens in the following situations:

Safety deposit boxes and vaults Bank transaction like ATM withdrawals Access to computers and emails Credit Card purchase Purchase of house, car, clothes or jewellery Getting official documents like birth certificates or passports Obtaining court papers Drivers licence Getting into confidential workplace writing Checks

Why Biometric Application?

To prevent stealing of possessions that mark the authorised person's identity e.g. security badges, licenses, or properties To prevent fraudulent acts like faking ID badges or licenses. To ensure safety and security, thus decrease crime rates

Types of Biometrics

Fingerprint Face Recognition Session III Hand Geometry Iris Scan Voice Scan Session II Signature Retina Scan Infrared Face and Body Parts Keystroke Dynamics Gait Odour Ear DNA

Biometrics
2D Biometrics (CCD,IR, Laser, Scanner) 1D Biometrics

Fingerprint

Fingerprint Extraction and Matching

Hand Geometry

Captured using a CCD camera, or LED Orthographic Scanning Recognition Systems Crossover = 0.1%

IrisCode

Face
Principal Component Analysis

Desired Properties

Universality Uniqueness Permanence Collectability Performance Users Accpetability Robustness against Circumvention

Comparison
Biometric Type Fingerprint Hand Geometry Voice Retina Iris Signature Face Accuracy High Medium Medium High Medium Medium Low Ease of Use Medium High High Low Medium Medium High User Acceptance Low Medium High Low Medium High High

Multimodal Biometrics

Pattern Recognition Concept

Sensors Extractors
Image- and signal- pro. algo.

Classifiers

Negotiator
Threshold

Biometrics
Voice, signature acoustics, face, fingerprint, iris, hand geometry, etc

Data Rep.
1D (wav), 2D (bmp, tiff, png)

Feature Vectors

Scores

Decision: Match, Non-match, Inconclusive

Enrolment Submission

Training

Section V: Applications

Authentication Applications Identification Applications Application by Technologies Commercial Products

Biometric Applications
Identification or Authentication (Scalability)? Semi-automatic or automatic? Subjects cooperative or not? Storage requirement constraints? User acceptability?

Biometrics-enabled Authentication Applications

1. Cell phones, Laptops, Work Stations, PDA & Handheld device set. 2. Door, Car, Garage Access

3. ATM Access, Smart card

Image Source : http://www.voice-security.com/Apps.html

Biometrics-enabled Identification Applications

1. Forensic : Criminal Tracking e.g. Fingerprints, DNA Matching 2. Car park Surveillance 3. Frequent Customers Tracking

Application by Technologies
Biometrics
Fingerprint
Vendors

Market Share
34%

Applications
Law enforcement; civil government; enterprise security; medical and financial transactions Time and attendance systems, physical access Transaction authentication; picture ID duplication prevention; surveillance Security, V-commerce Banking, access control

90

Hand Geometry Face Recognition Voice Authentication Iris Recognition

12

26% 15%

32 1

11% 9%