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Soviet Motivations
Successful invasion of Afghanistan allow puppet state set up through control of Kabul Geographic benefits 1. Access of Indian ocean through India 2. Trade with India and its large population 3. Natural sources: Iron ore, natural gas, uranium, copper
Afghan Motivations/Perceptions
Majority were Muslims conflicting with the atheist teaching of Communism Saw the Soviets invasions as a threat to their culture and religion-engage in Jihad.
Afghan Mujahidin
Mujahidin
Afghan resistance fighters against Soviet controlled Kabul government Made up of seven political organizations in Afghanistan
Mujahidin Solders
Mujahidin
Originally divided by regional, sectarian, political and tribal ties. Not very united at the beginning of Soviet Invasio0n Organized in local tribal militias. No central structure March 1980 formed Islamic Alliance for the for the Liberation of Afghanistan for International recognization and support Mujahedeen forces caused serious casualties to the Soviet forces
Taliban
Mujahidin unable to unite together politically
Results in many political divisions that give rise to the Taliban
Foreign Aid
Interlay trained/funded by Pakistans Inter-service Intelligence (ISI) Later supported by US, UK, Saudi Arabia, Iran, PRC (China) and Sunni nations. 1983- US, UK, Saudi Arabia, PRC become supporters for Afghanistan Weapon Supplied through Pakistan 1986- US and UK supplied missiles an ground to ground rockets that allowed Mujahidin to shoot down Soviet aircrafts
After Russian invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, more than 2.8 million Afghan refugees sought shelter in Pakistan extra burden on the economy of our country Afghan immigrants have no documentation so becomes Criminal Most of the drug dealers, illegal arms dealer, car lifters, or smugglers are Afghan refugees The trade route between Afghanistan and Pakistan has also been affected Trade Route Torkham Jalalabad highway now considered as a danger zone