The Visual Organ

Introduction to sensory organs

receptor
definiton
exteroceptors

propioceptors
classification
interoceptors
(visceroceptors)

accessory organs
 The visual organ
Function
: receiving the stimulation of light, and
converting the stimulation into nerve
impulse

Formation:
the eyeball

the accessory
organs of eye
 I. the eyeball

1.the shape of the eyeball

optic axis
visual axis
2.the structure of the eyeball
⑴ the wall of the eyeball
⑵ the contents of the eyeball
 (1)the wall of the eyeball
the fibrous tunica

the vascular tunica

the retina
the fibrous tunica (outer tunica)

the cornea

the sclera
the vascular tunica (middle tunica)
the iris
Pupil:two set of
smooth muscles

the ciliary body

ciliary m.
ciliary process
ciliary ring

the choroid
the retina (inner tunic)
iridial part
(blind
part)
ciliary part

optic part
 the retina (inner tunic)
Optic part contains 4 layers of cells:

the pigment cells lamina

the photoreceptors
the bipolar cell
the ganglion cells

macula lutea
( yellow spot)

optic disc
⑵ the contents of the eyeball
the aqueous humor
the lens
the vitreous body

the refractive media

II.the accessory organs of eye

the eyelids

the lacrimal apparatus

the extraocular muscles

 1.the
eyelids:
the skin
the subcutaneous areolar tissue
orbicularis oculi
the tarsus
the conjunctive
bulbar conjunctiva
palpebral conjunctiva

conjunctival sac
sup. and inf. conjuctival fornix
 2. the lacrimal apparatus
⑴ the lacrimal gland
⑵ the lacrimal passage
a.the lacrimal puncta
b.the lacrimal ductule
c.the lacrimal sac
d.the nasolacrimal duct
3.the extraocular muscles
NAME FUNCTION

sup. rectus turns the eyeball superiomedially

inf. rectus turns the eyeball inferiomedially

med. rectus turns the eyeball medially

lateral rectus turns the eyeball laterally

sup. obliquus turns the eyeball inferiolaterally

inf. Obliquus turns the eyeball superiorlaterally

Levator raise the upper lid
Palpebrae
superioris
 III. The blood vessels of eye
artery: ophthalamic a.
internal carotid a.
ophthalmic a.

veins: ophthalamic v.
sup. and inf. ophthalamic veins
summary
1.the producing, functions and circuits
of the aqueous humor
⑴ producing: the ciliary body

⑵ circuits:
The aqueous humor post. chamber pupil

ant. chamber iridocorneal angle space of iridocorneal angle

sinus venous sclerae

(3)functions:
a. to supply the nutrition for the cornea

b. to form the refractive media

2.the producing and secreating
passages of the tears
sup. fornix
the lacrimal the lacrimal the lacrimal the lacrimal
gland inf. fornix puncta ductule sac

the
the inferior
nasolacrimal
nasal
duct
meatus
3.the conduction of the light
the light the cornea

the aqueous humor

of ant. chamber

the aqueous
the pupil humor of post.
chamber

the lens the vitreous

body

cod and
bipolar cells
cone cells

ganglion the optic n.

cells