CAMS

Cam is a mechanical device used to transmit

motion to a follower by direct contact.


CAMS

Cam is driver; Follower is driven.


In a cam - follower pair, the cam normally rotates
while the follower may translate or oscillate.

Example of cam action
Example of cam action
Example of cam action
Example of cam action
Example of cam action
Example of cam action
CLASSIFICATION OF CAMS
(a) Disk (plate) cams
According to the physical shape, cams could be
classified into:

(b) Cylindrical cams
(c) Translating cams

(a) Knife edge follower

(b) Roller follower

(c) Flat faced follower

(d) Spherical follower





CLASSIFICATION OF FOLLOWES
i. Based on surface in contact

a) Oscillating follower

b) Translating follower
ii. Based on surface in contact

a) Radial (in line) follower
iii. Based on line of action
(b) Off-set follower
Cam Nomenclature
Cam Nomenclature
Pressure angle = = 0 (fig. A)

= 45
0
(fig.B)

Fig.A
45
Fig. B
80
80
20
180
Influence of off-set on pressure angle
45
80
80
20
180
26
Types of follower motion
Follower motion with,
a) Uniform velocity
b) Modified uniform velocity
c) Uniform acceleration and deceleration
d) Simple harmonic motion
e) Cycloidal motion
Displacement diagram

Plot of linear displacement (s) of follower versus
angular displacement () of the cam for one
rotation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
a
b
c
d
e
f g
h
i
j
k
l
OUT STROKE DWELL RETURNSTROKE DWELL
a) Follower motion with Uniform velocity
(b) Follower motion with modified
uniform velocity

(c) Follower motion with uniform
acceleration and retardation (UARM)
(d) Simple Harmonic Motion
motion executed by point
P
`
, which is the projection
of point P on the vertical
diameter
a
x
y
y
p
p'
r
Simple Harmonic Motion





Displacement = ;

Velocity = ;

Acceleration = ;



r y =
max
t r r y
p
e o sin sin = =
t r y
p p
e e cos =

p
r y e =
max

y t r y
p p p
2 2
sin e e e = =
2
max p
r y e =

Simple Harmonic Motion
(e) Cycloidal motion
21
a
a1
a2
a3
a4
a5
a6
a7
CYCLOIDAL
MOTION
F
O
L
L
O
W
E
R

M
O
T
I
O
N
66
Cycloidal motion
Solved problems
(1) Draw the cam profile for following conditions:
Follower type = Knife edged, in-line; lift = 50mm; base
circle radius = 50mm; out stroke with SHM, for 60
0
cam
rotation; dwell for 45
0
cam rotation; return stroke with
SHM, for 90
0
cam rotation; dwell for the remaining
period. Determine max. velocity and acceleration during
out stroke and return stroke if the cam rotates at 1000
rpm in clockwise direction.
Displacement diagram
OUTSTROKE
DWELL
RETURNSTROKE DWELL
LIFT=50mm
0 1
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
1
2
3
4
5
6
l
Cam profile
1
2
3
4
5
6
a
b
c
d
e
f
7
g
6
0

4
5

8
9
10
11
12
h
i
j
k
l
9
0

50
Calculations

Angular velocity of cam = =104.76 rad/sec

Max. velocity of follower during outstroke = v
omax
= =

= =7857mm/sec =7.857m/sec

Max. velocity of follower during return stroke = v
rmax
= =

= = 5238mm/sec = 5.238m/sec




60
1000 2
60
2
= =
t t
e
N
o
s
u
te
2
3
2
50 76 . 104
t
t

r
s
u
te
2
2
2
50 76 . 104
t
t

Max. acceleration during outstroke = a
o
max = =

= 2469297.96mm/sec2 = 2469.3m/sec2


Max. acceleration during return stroke = a
r
max = =

= 1097465.76mm/sec2 = 1097.5m/sec2



2
2 2
2
o
s
u
e t
( )
( )
=

2
2
2
3
2
50 76 . 104
t
t
r
s
2
2 2
2u
e t
( )
( )
=

2
2
2
2
2
50 76 . 104
t
t