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BASIC OF DCS
DCS (Distributed Control System) is a computerized control system used to control the production line in the industry. Why DCS System is required? While a product (Food, medicine, Oil..etc) passing through many stages in the factory before it reaches it's final so the product can be sold out, during those stages it requires a kind of control in order to adjust the quality of it. However, to adjust the quality it is required to control many physical quantities such as pressure, Temperature..etc. Further more, in some dangerous applications such as petrochemical factories and nuclear reactors the control will much critical, However, losing the control may lead to an explosion of the plant. What does DCS System consists of? DCS System consists minimum of the following components. 1. Field Control station (FCS): It consists of input/output modules, CPU and communication bus. 2. Operator station: It is basically human interface machine with monitor, the operator man can view the process in the plant and check if any alarm is presents and he can change any setting, print reports..etc. 3. Engineering station: It is used to configure all input & output and drawing and any things required to be monitored on Operator station
BLOCK DIAGRAM
RAW MATERIAL
The fundamental chemical compounds to produce cement clinker are: Lime (CaO) Silica (SiO2) Alumina (Al2O3) Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)
quarry
dumper loader
Quarry face
1. BLASTING
2. TRANSPORT
crushing conveyor
preheating
1. RAW GRINDING
2. BURNING
1. RAW GRINDING : The raw materials are very finely ground in order to produce the raw mix. 2. BURNING : The raw mix is preheated before it goes into the kiln, which is heated by a flame that can be as hot as 2000 C. The raw mix burns at 1500 C producing clinker which, when it leaves the kiln, is rapidly cooled with air fans. So, the raw mix is burnt to produce clinker : the basic material needed to make cement.
THESS
Finish grinding
silos
1. GRINDING
dispatch bags
Communication networks
Communication networks provide ability to connect the managing and the managed, communicate with each other among the engineer station, operator stations and process stations, the communication networks is partitioned into two layers-system networks and networks. System networks complete the communication functions among the engineer station, operator station and the controller of the process communication protocol station. of this layer is TCP/IP. Every unit in this network has address. The medium of this network is optical Field bus networks complete the communication functions between controller and I/O modules in each process station. The communication protocol of this layer is pro bus. The medium of this network is
conclusion
since accomplishing the application to the vertical system we continue to use modules to implement the network in other subsystems because this kind of system can meet the product requirements and obtain the best price/performance ratio. On the whole the implementation of the system marks a great achievement in the automation and management in our company.
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