Knowledge Based Expert Systems

KMS
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) exist to help
businesses create and share information.

These are typically used in a business where employees

create new knowledge and expertise - which can then
be shared by other people in the organization to create
further commercial opportunities

Knowledge Management

Refers to a set of information with Refers to the ability of an individual

which we have experience or group to lead and organize
Usually gained through work, school or others in business to produce a
other life experiences desired outcome
 KMS
The goal of knowledge management systems is
 To help knowledge workers create, organize, and
make available important business knowledge,
wherever and whenever it's needed in an
organization.
 Knowledge management systems make efforts for
organizational learning and knowledge creation
 EXPERT SYSTEMS
 AI
 assist humans in the decision-making process, but
they don't replace humans.
 Many of the decision we make are based on past
experience, but we have the added benefit of
reasoning and intuition.
 Expert systems ask questions, then give you
advice and reasons why you should take a certain
course of action based on hard data.
 KBIS adds a knowledge base to the major
components found in other types of
computer-based information systems.
 ES is a knowledge-based information
system that uses its knowledge about a
specific area to act as an expert consultant
to end-users.
 (KBES)
 Knowledge as BASE
 This is nothing but the ‘experts’ knowledge.
 Knowledge is with the experienced people.
 Knowledge in the KBES is defined as a mix
theory of the subject, knowledge of its
application, organized information and the data of
problems and its solutions.
 Use control
Mechanism

Knowledg
e Base Interface
Mechanism
 Knowledge Base
 consisting of special facts about the expert & are the
rules, which the ES would use, based on those facts to
make decisions.
 KB represents the total available facts and rules
available to an expert.
 The knowledge base contains
(1) facts about a specific subject area (for example,
John is an analyst) and
(2) heuristics (rules of thumb) that express the
reasoning procedures of an expert on the subject (for
example: If John is an analyst, THEN he needs a
workstation).
 It is a database consisting of theoretical foundations,
facts, judgment, rules, formulas, and experience.
 Interface Mechanism
 Processing an expert system consists of matching facts
and rules, determining the sequence of questions
presented to the user and making a conclusion.
 The processing in an expert system is called inference,
which is done through inference engine.
 An inference engine applies knowledge in a systematic
way.
 It is basically a computer program, which processes the
rules contained in knowledge base to arrive at the solution
to the user’s queries.
 User Control Mechanism
 It is tool applied to the interface mechanism to
select, interpret and deduct or to infer.
 These three components are independent of each
other.
 This helps in modifying the system without
affecting all the components.
 IN KBES knowledge is represented using
different methods like frames, rules or semantic
network.
Rule-Based System Example
here → fine
not here → absent
absent and not seen → at ? here → no
home ? seen → no
absent and seen → in the ? holiday → no
building sick
in the building → fine
at home and not holiday → ? here → yes
sick fine
here and holiday → sick
? here → yes
not here, in the building → ? holiday → yes
fine sick

not here, not holiday → sick

Data-driven × Goal-driven

here seen holiday

data driven

absent

building
home

goal driven

fine sick