Statistical Process Control (SPC): It is one of the best ways to improve product and service quality.

What is involved with SPC? 1. Pareto Diagrams 2. Process Flow Diagram 3. Cause & Effect Diagram 4. Check Sheets 5. Histogram 6. Control Charts 7. Scatter Diagrams
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Pareto Diagrams:

It is a graph that ranks data classifications in descending order.

How is a pareto diagram different from a histogram?

Pareto diagram x-axis is categorical

Histogram x-axis is numerical

Pareto diagrams are used to identify the most important problem. Usually 75% of the total, results from 25% of the items. The graph provides a physical representation creating a visual impact. Resources are then directed to take corrective action

What is the purpose of the cumulative % on the pareto diagram?

Some examples for pareto diagrams: Few customers account for a majority of sales. Few products account for a majority of profits. Few items account for a bulk of the inventory costs Few problems account for the bulk of down time

Process Flow Diagram:

Shows

the flow of products through the

process
Makes
Makes

it easy to visualize the system

you aware who is downstream can be made by reducing,
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Improvements

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Cause and Effect Diagram: Developed by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa Investigate causes of good & bad effects Causes are broken down into Work methods Materials Measurement People Equipment Environment

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As observed in the earlier slide, each major cause is broken down into numerous minor causes. What next after the diagram? Brainstorm to remove the causes of non conformities Incubate overnight or longer and brainstorm again Devise strategy to implement solutions Standardize existing and proposed operations Educate and train personnel in decision making and corrective action
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Check Sheets:
Help They

in collecting data accurately often depict the location , time, stage

of the process
Creativity

plays a major role in the design

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of the check sheet

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