Effects of Industrialization On Environment

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Industrialization

Industrialization :
Industrialization is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one. It is a part of a wider modernization process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly with the development of large-scale energy and metallurgy production It is the extensive organization of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing. Industrialization also introduces a form of philosophical change where people obtain a different attitude towards their perception of nature, and a sociological process of ubiquitous rationalization .

Effects of Industrialization On Environment

POSITIVE EFFECTS Growth Of The Industrial Cities Production Of Goods In Efficient Manner Employment Invention Of New Technology Improvements In Standard Of Living NEGATIVE EFFECTS Deforestation Pollution Energy Utilization Overcrowded Cities Poor Health Conditions

Deforestation

Deforestation
Deforestation, clearance or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. About half of the world's original forests had been destroyed by 2011, the majority during the previous 50 years. Since 1990 half of the world's rain forests have been destroyed. More than half of the animal and plant species in the world live in tropical forests. Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees are cut down to be used or sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of charcoal) or timber, while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts Deforested regions typically incur significant adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into wasteland. Disregard or ignorance of intrinsic value, lack of ascribed value, lax forest management and deficient environmental laws are some of the factors that allow deforestation to occur on a large scale. In many countries, deforestation, both naturally occurring and human induced, is an ongoing issue. Deforestation causes extinction, changes to climatic conditions, desertification, and displacement of populations as observed by current conditions and in the past through the fossil record

Environmental Problems

Atmospheric

Hydrological
Soil Biodiversity

Pollution

Energy Utilization

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Negative Aspects of Energy Utilization

Global Warming
Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )

Fossil Fuel Supply (Oil or Gas)

of n io ss i Em of n io ss i Em f no o i iss m E of n io ss i Em
Electrical Power Generation Plant

Industrial Plant (Factory) Traditional Motors 80% Efficiency

Global Warming

Electricity

Wasted Electrical Energy

Other Users

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Growth of Carbon Dioxide

Fig. 2 Historic & Projected Amount of Carbon Dioxide Emission by Industrialized Countries, 1980-2025 Courtesy: US Department of Energy
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Overcrowded Cities

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Problems due to Overcrowded Cities

Inadequate

fresh water for drinking water use as well as sewage treatment and effluent discharge. Some countries, like Saudi Arabia, use energyexpensive desalination to solve the problem of water shortages. Depletion of natural resources, especially fossil fuels. Increased levels of air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination and noise pollution. Once a country has industrialized and become wealthy, a combination of government regulation and technological innovation causes pollution to decline substantially, even as the population continues to grow. Irreversible loss of arable land and increases in desertification. Elevated crime rate due to drug cartels and increased theft by people stealing resources to survive. Poverty coupled with inflation in some regions and a resulting low level of capital formation. Poverty and inflation are aggravated by bad government and bad economic policies. Many countries with high population densities have eliminated absolute poverty and keep their inflation rates very low.
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Poor Health Conditions

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Poor Health Conditions

Starvation,

malnutrition or poor diet with ill health and diet-deficiency diseases (e.g. rickets). Unhygienic living conditions for many based upon water resource depletion, discharge of raw sewage and solid waste disposal. However, this problem can be reduced with the adoption of sewers. Poor living conditions , because the governments cannot provide for the growing population. Lack of basic amenities for living.

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