NC MACHINE Numerical control (NC) is the automation of machine tools that are operated by abstractly programmed commands encoded

on a storage medium, as opposed to controlled manually via handwheels or levers

ADVANTAGES OF NC (i) The part program tape and tape reader are used only once to enter the program into computer memory. (ii) This result in improved reliability. (iii) Tape reader is commonly considered the least reliable component of a conventional NC system. (iv) Local storage of more than one part program.

Basic components of NC system An operational numerical control system consists of the following three basic components: 1. Program of instructions. 2. Controller unit, also called machine tool unit. 3. Machine tool or other controlled process.

Program of Instructions.
The program of instructions is the detailed step by step set of instructions which tell the machine what to do. It is coded in numerical or symbolic form on some type of input medium that can be interpreted by the controller unit

Controller Unit
The second basic component of NC system is the controller unit. This consists of electronics and hardware that read and interpret the program of instructionsand convert it to mechanical actions of the machine tool.

Machine Tool The third basic component of an NC system is the machine tool or other controlled process. It is part of the NC system which performs useful work.

CNC MACHINE Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is one in which the functions and motions of a machine tool are controlled by means of a prepared program containing coded alphanumeric data.

ADVANTAGES OF CNC
Low cost of production. Once set up, the machines will repeat very accurately and require minimal machinist level intervention. High part to part accuracy and consistency. Fast, consistent thru-put of finished goods. Once started, it really doesn't pay to stop. With part fixturing, fast setup and rapid shipment from order date is possible.

COMPONENTS OF CNC (i)Computer for storing part of program. (ii)Machine Control Unit (iii)Machine tool with motor for physically executing program TYPE OF CNC 1.CNC lathe 2.CNC die sinking 3.CNC miling 4.CNC wire cut

-machine that controled by computer. -program wih machine code PART OF CNC LATHE 1.Guard/cover 2.Chuck 3.Lathe bed 4.Motor/spindle 5.Mcu 6.Turret 7.Tailstock

COOLING LUBRICANT UNIT -cool and lubricate the tool and work. -control built up

METAL CUTTING FACTOR 1.Machine tools ability 2.Cutting fluid/coolant 3.Workpiece & work holding method 4.Cutting speed 5.Feed rate 6.Depth of cut