DLP PROJECTOR

FDD@H

Agenda
1. What is DMD? 2. DLP projector

- Why should we choice DLP projector?

- Optical configurations - Optical elements 3. How it works? - FSC - SCR

1. What is DMD ?
DMD: Digital Micromirror Device Beginning to be developed by sight change according to the movement of Rear View Mirror
Number of moving parts - 0.5 (SVGA) to >1.3 (TBA) million Mechanical motion - - - - - Makes discrete contacts or landings Lifetime - - - - - - - - - - - - - up to 100,000 hrs

Address voltage - - - - - - - 3.3-volt CMOS technology

Mechanical elements - - - - Aluminum Process - - - - - - - - - - - - - Low temperature, sputter deposition, plasma etch (standard SC processes) Package (Type A) - - - - - - Optical, hermetic, welded lid

Mirror

Address Electrode

Yoke

Bias/Reset Bus

Metal Address Pads

Tilting Angle: 10 12

1. What is DMD ?
Expressing light and shade by changes of selected light by path Mirror Tilting Expressing Gray level by times taken for path change

2. DLP Projector
Image Quality

Why should we choice DLP projector?

- Pixelization (fill factor) DLP= Seamless, Filmlike LCD= Grainy, Pixellated

DLP = large active area LCD = smaller active area

- Contrast Ratio DLP= simple optics: easier light management LCD= complex optics: more difficult light management

- Sharpness (color alignment)

DLP= no misalignment LCD= misalignment likely over time
DLP LCD

- Video Quality

DLP= fast switching: minimal lag (few s) LCD= slow switching: significant lag (tens of ms) smearing for fast moving video

2. DLP Projector
- Color Quality

Why should we choice DLP projector?

DLP= can match any LCD color gamut

LCD= cant match any DLP color gamut R,G,B Bandwidth is depend on each color because of non-sequential system
DLPTM LCD

wavelength

wavelength

- Smallest & Brightest

DLP= simple optical system, good reflectivity LCD= complex optical system

DLPTM

LCD

2. DLP Projector

Why should we choice DLP projector?

Repeatable Performance (digital accuracy)

DLP= digital: precise control, constant performance over time LCD= analog: variable (affected by temperature, vibration, heat, humidity), deterioration over time

Reliable
- Superior thermal characteristics DLP= reflects heat LCD= absorbs heat, performance degrades - LCD panel degrades as a function of both time and use

- DMDs have shown consistent robust performance over time with up to 100,000
hours lifetime

Start

LCD

DLP

2. DLP Projector
Number of DMD

Optical configurations

1 Chip DLP

3 Chip DLP

2. DLP Projector
TIR prism

Optical Configurations

Non TIR Prism DLP

TIR Prism DLP

2. DLP Projector
TIR prism

Optical Configurations

Non TIR Prism DLP

TIR Prism DLP

2. DLP Projector

Optical elements
DMD Panel

TIR Prism (Total Internal Reflection) Condenser Lens C3 (Aspherical Surface) Mirror

Condenser Lens C2 Condenser Lens C1 Integrating Rod Reflector (Elliptical Surface)

Lamp

Aperture Front Glass (UV Cut Coating)

Color Drum (R,G,B,W segment) Color Wheel

2. DLP Projector
a. Output Voltage

Optical elements

(1) Lamp & Reflector

- AC Type : PHILIPS, OSRAM, IWASAKI, THOSHIBA . - DC Type : USHIO b. Reflector - Elliptical Type : Almost of all DLP Projector Smallest size= 33mm, Bami lamp made by Philips - Parabolic Type : Used with condensor lens . Some of AV Projector

Elliptical Reflector

Parabolic Reflector

2. DLP Projector
(2) UV Cut Filter

Optical elements

- UV causes heat for some parts . (Coating, Plastic, Bonding) - On UV Cut Coating, Try not to make the reflected light be concentrated on one point of UV Lamp
UV Cut Filter
100 90 80

Transmittance(%)

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780

Reflected UV light

AOI=0 deg AOI=10 deg

Wavelength(nm)

Material: Borofloat + UV Coating

2. DLP Projector
(3) Rod Integrator

Optical elements

- through internal reflects, it makes uninformative incident light distribution rectangular uninformative light

Type: Solid Rod Glass or Plastic

Light Tunnel Mirror

in

out

Avd: good transmission. Strong against heat DisAvd: easy to broken, easy to get dust , long

Avd: easy to install, dust free, Short DisAvd: less transmission, weak for heat

Light Distribution from the input

Light Distribution from the output

2. DLP Projector

Optical elements

(3) Color Drum & Wheel

Optical instrument filtering color by Color Filter assembled with Motor \

< Color Drum >

< Color Wheel >

< SCR Color Drum >

2. DLP Projector

Optical elements

(4) Illumination Lenses

It guides lights from Rod Integrator into valid dimensions of DMD
L2 L1
h

(m)= h / h = f2 / f1 (t)= 2*(f1+f2)

f1

f1 f2 t f2

L2 L1 < JT30 >

f1 = 9.53, f2 = 22.79 m = 2.39 R2 R3 R1 R4

R5

R6

2. DLP Projector
(5) Mirror

Optical elements

It changes light path or controls light position on DMD

2. DLP Projector
(5) (TIR Prism)

Optical elements

Using air gaps between two prism, it makes selective reflect of transmission
in
out

out

air gap

in

air gap <in : reflect, out : transmission> <in : transmission, out : Reflect > TIR Prism DMD Panel DMD Panel

TIR Prism

2. DLP Projector
(5) Projection Lens

Optical elements

It transmit Active Area of DMD on Screen Fixed Focus Lens Cannot control the zoom in Fixed distance Variable Focus Lens (Zoom Lens) Can control the screen size with zoom in Fixed distance

<

Telecentric Type Zoom Lens>

Screen

< Converging Type Zoom Lens >

Screen

DMD

Used in DLP Engine with TRI Prism

DMD

Used DLP Engine with Non-TIR Prism

3. How it works?

FSC

Color Filtering by Rotating of Color Wheel

Color Wheel Color Filter . ( DLP White Peaking Mode=0 ) Gray Ramp .

time for one field

Pure G time

Pure W time Mixed Color time

Pure R time Mixed Color time

Pure B time Mixed Color time Mixed Color time

3. How it works?
Operation

FSC

FSC=Field Sequential Color Lighting on DMD in timely sequence In case of transmitting Red Filter, Green and Blue is reflected and is useless
Blue and Green light turned into heat Red light transmitted 33% efficiency

Color Wheel

3. How it works?

FSC

Brief Brightness Estimation

1) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B segment size= 1:1:1) R = 1/3 G = B = 1/3

RGB size = 1/3 : Wo = R/3 + G/3 + B/3 = 0.333

2) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B:W segment size= 1:1:1:1) R = 1/3 W=1 RGB size = 1/4 Wo = R/4 + G/4 + B/4 + W/4 = 0.500 G = B = 1/3

3. How it works?
Operation

SCR

SCR= Sequential Color Recapture Scroll Lighting Whole RGB on DMD in timely sequence

Integrating RGB Filter CMY Rod Integrating CMY CMY Color Rod RGB Filter RGB Integrating Segment Mirror Rod Filter , RGB Size RGB RGB RGB Filter Segment . . . . Reflected RGB is re-reflected by Integrating Rod IN and transmitted by RGB Filter

3. How it works?

SCR

Brief Brightness Estimation

Integrating Rod : Total size vs Hole Size ratio = 0.5 Total size Input vs Hole Input Intensity Ratio = 0.85 1) RGB Segment ( Wi=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B segment size= 1:1:1) R = first transmission R(0.85*1/3) + G,B reflected MY of re-reflected R(0.85*0.5*2/3*1/3*2) = 0.472 G,B is same as above G=B= 0.472

RGB size = 1/3 Wo = R/3 + G/3 + B/3 =

0.472

2) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B:W segment size= 1:1:1:1) R = first transmission R(0.85*1/3) + G,B reflected MY of re-reflected R(0.85*0.5*2/4*1/3*2) = 0.425 G,B is same as above G = B = 0.425 W=1 RGB size = 1/4 Wo = R/4 + G/4 + B/4 + W/4 =

0.569