Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Team
Jacob Pomeranz Jared Mraz Eevi Maki
Mentor: Normann Fischer (SEL) Advisor: Dr. Joe Law
Background
Inter-turn faults can destroy large power transformers Large transformers can cost millions of dollars New transformers can take up to 3 years for delivery Existing protection methods are not effective
Needs
Determine the sensitivity of a microprocessor-based relay to inter-turn faults on an energized power transformer. Develop a protection scheme for detecting inter-turn faults
Specifications
Determine how sensitively protection can be set to detect inter-turn faults Specify and order a 3-phase transformer 55kVA transformer with taps being over as few turns as possible
Transformer Specifications
55kVA 240/240/25 Volts 3-phase Thermocouples to measure temperature Search coils to measure flux
Transformer Specifications
Taps at 1,2,3, and 5 turns on primary winding Windings rated for three times nominal current
Safety Concerns
Transformer must not be damaged or destroyed. Laboratory personnel and surrounding environment must remain safe during all testing.
Accomplishments
Transformer has been ordered Low-voltage fault tests have been conducted on an existing transformer Preliminary design for shorting circuit is operational
Goals
Explore detection of inter-turn faults on an energized power transformer To write a technical paper for presentation at WPRC Prevent damage to equipment and team members
Test Circuit
Existing transformer
15kVA Coils rated 36A Shortable windings
Test Circuit
SEL-421Relay
Event recorder
Measures currents
Event reports exported to PC for analysis
Short Circuit
Contactor rated 600A Fuses used to clear fault High ampacity cable and bus bar for final design
IA ( A ) IB ( A ) IC ( A )
10
-1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 5 -0 .0 0 0 -0 .0 0 5 -0 .0 1 0 2 .5 5 .0 7 .5 C y c le s 1 0 .0 1 2 .5 1 5 .0
V A (k V ) V B (k V ) V C (k V )
IB (A )
IC (A )
V A (k V )
V B (k V )
V C (k V )
D ig it a ls
0 .0
2 .5
5 .0
7 .5 C y c le s
1 0 .0
1 2 .5
1 5 .0
y = 4.5136x - 1.609
30
25
20
Current (Amps)
15
10
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-5 Voltage (Volts)
Budget
Initial Budget
Motor Contactor Current Transformers Misc. Equipment
Plan
Additional work with 15kVA transformer
Gather data relating fault currents to phase voltage Determine relation between fault and load currents Obtain fuse elements capable of protecting transformer
Plan
Final design for shorting mechanism completed before transformer arrival
Additional detailed fault current modeling Thermal analysis for conductor sizing Size fuses to clear fault within 2-3 cycles Safe enclosure designed for fuse bank
Plan
Test bench design
Need to obtain dimensions from transformer manufacturer Bench must be functional and aesthetically pleasing
Plan
Final testing with 55kVA transformer
Fault signature not as apparent in phase quantities Filtering with MathCAD relay model necessary to determine fault signature Results used to design special differential protection scheme
Any Questions?
http://seniordesign.engr.uidaho.edu/2006_2007/teamprotection/