BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

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Do you know what is BIODIVERSITY? And what do you think about CONSERVATION? Lets learn about BIODIVERSITY and COSERVATION together Enjoy it!

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Biodiversity refers to the variety of species in a specific area. The simplest and most common measure of biodiversity is the number of different species that live in a certain area. Biodiversity increases as you move toward the equator. Tropical regions contain two-thirds of all land species on Earth.

SUBS THEME OF BIODIVERSITY!

BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
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SUBS THEME OF BIODIVERSITY!

Level of Biodiversity
Importance of Biodiversity Loss of Biodiversity Threats to Biodiversity

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Level of Biodiversity
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The gene level of genetic variation within a species.

The level of species diversity is found in organisms which are not similar.

The ecosystem level diversity that occurs due to interaction with the environment.

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Importance of Biodiversity

Importance to nature

Biodiversity brings stability

Importance to people

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Importance to nature
Living things are interdependent. Animals could not exist without green plants. Many flowering plants could not exist without animals to pollinate them. Plants are dependent on decomposers that break down dead or decaying material into nutrients they can absorb. Thus, living things can be niches for other living things.

If the symbiotic relationships among organisms are broken due to the loss of one species, then the remaining species will also be affected.

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Biodiversity brings stability

Biodiversity can bring stability to an ecosystem. A pest could easily destroy all the corn in a farmers field, but it would be far more difficult for a single type of insect or disease to destroy all individuals of a plant species in a rain forest. There, instead of being clumped together, the plants exist scattered in many parts of the rain forest, making it more difficult for the disease organism to spread. In summary, ecosystems are stable if their biodiversity is maintained. A change in species can destabilize them.

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Importance to people
A few species of plants and animals supply the major portion of the food eaten by the human population. Biodiversity could help breeders produce additional food crops. People also rely on the living world for raw materials used in clothes, furniture, and buildings. Another important reason for maintaining biodiversity is that it can be used to improve peoples health. Living things supply the world pharmacy.

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Loss of Biodiversity
Extinction is the disappearance of a species when the last of its members dies. A species is considered to be an endangered species when its numbers become so low that extinction is possible. When the population of a species is likely to become endangered, it is said to be a threatened species.

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Threats to Biodiversity
1 Habitat loss In the 1970s and 1980s, in the Amazonian rain forest, thousands of hectares of land were cleared in an effort to create farmland and to supply firewood. Much of this land lost its usefulness for agriculture after only a few years because rain forest soil by itself has little or no useful nutrient supply. Clearing the land erased habitats that will not be reestablished easily. Without these habitats, certain plants and animals become vulnerable to extinction.

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Threats to Biodiversity
2 Habitat fragmentation is the separation of wilderness areas from other wilderness areas. Fragmented areas are similar to islands. The smaller the fragment, the less biodiversity the area can support. This is because, as species migrate from an area that has become unsuitable for some reason, other species that depend on the migrating individuals lose their life support. As a result, overall species diversity declines. Habitat fragmentation presents problems for organisms that need large areas to gather food or find mates. Habitat fragmentation also makes it difficult for species to reestablish themselves in an area.

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Threats to Biodiversity
3 Edge Effect

The edge of a habitat or ecosystem is where one habitat or ecosystem meets another. This can be where a forest meets a field, where water meets land, or where a road cuts through a field or wooded area. The different conditions along the boundaries of an ecosystem are called edge effects.

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Threats to Biodiversity
4 Habitat degradation

Another threat to biodiversity is habitat degradation, the damage to a habitat by pollution. Three types of pollution are air, water, and land pollution.
Air pollution : volcanic eruptions and forest fires, burning fossil fuels. Water pollution : algae blooms, detergents, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals. Land pollution : Trash or solid waste, pesticides and other chemicals

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Threats to Biodiversity
5 Exotic species People sometimes introduce a new species into an ecosystem, either intentionally or unintentionally. These species can cause problems for the native species.

When exotic species are introduced, these species can grow at

an exponential rate due to the fact that they are not immediately as vulnerable to local competitors or predators as are the established native species.

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Conservation biology is the study and implementation of methods to protect biodiversity. Natural resources are those parts of the environment that are useful or necessary for living organisms. Natural resources include sunlight, water, air, and plant and animal resources.

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Group 1 We know that biodiversity is so benefit for us but in other side they decrease the plant organisms so, what can we do to conserve the variety of plant organisms but we can also take the benefit of biodiversity? Group 2 Group 3 What is difference of kind the conservation? Group 4 Group 5

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