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HARSHVARDHAN 2009B2A3670G
Abstract
A photovoltaic array (PVA) and Wind Mill simulation model to be used in Matlab-Simulink GUI environment is developed and presented in this paper. Wind turbine and generator, PV array, DC-DC converter, battery, inverter and load are implemented using blocks from Simulink simscape and simpower systems library. The new model built was tested against the manufacturers specification for verification. The complete system consists of a pv array, a wind energy generation block constituting the charging model and a discharging model to simulate the energy consumption by converting the DC power to AC power. The objective of paper for simulation study of harmonics for PVA as well as Wind Mill is achieved and conclusions are drawn This way this paper is combining two important trend of power industry: Renewable Energy and Harmonics.
Introduction
Conventional power system is facing the problems of gradual depletion of fossil fuel resources, poor energy efficiency and environmental pollution. Global warming is becoming a hot topic. Physical proximity of load and source also reduces the transmission and distribution losses. High levels of harmonic distortion can cause such effects as increased transformer, capacitor, motor or generator heating. Harmonics can cause incorrect readings on meters, misoperation of protective relays, interference with telephone circuits. Thus, our study is combining two important trends of Power Industry.
Methodology
1
Literature Survey Modeling Tools Study of MATLAB-Simulink Modeling
WHY MICROGRID?
Depletion of fossil fuels. Decentralized production. No impact on grid failure. Abundant. Clean. Sustainable. Reducing transmission loss.
THDv = THDI =
1
2 =2
SOURCES OF HARMONICS
Traditional (Classical) types: Transformers Rotating machines Arc furnaces Modern (Power Electronics) types: Fluorescent lamps Rectifiers Inverters
MICROGRID: EXAMPLE
PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE
SOLAR CELL
I = output current (ampere) IL = photo generated current (ampere) ID = diode current (ampere) ISH = shunt current (ampere).
DC to DC Converter
It is DC to DC converter which operates by taking DC input from PV module, and changes it back to a different DC voltage and current. To exactly match the PV module to the battery. It helps in protection from over charging. = 1
Verification
Manufacturers data Maximum Power Number of Cell 75 watts 36 Observed data 70.32 watts 36
17.2 V
4.36 A 21.6 V 4.7 A
16.98 V
4.14 A 20.89 V 4.4 A
DC to DC Converter
INVERTERS
Square wave or modified sine wave Sine wave Grid-Tied
INVERTERS
WIND MILL
Results
Results
Results
Results
0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.01 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.002 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
REFERENCES
[1] Website of Electrical Construction and Maintenance: www. ecmweb.com [2] Power System Harmonics George J. Wakileh [3] A Reference Guide to Causes, Effects and Corrective Measures by Rockwell Automation. [4] Microgrids and Active Distribution Networks S. Chowdhury, S.P. Chowdhury and P. Crossley [5] E. Muljadi and H.E. McKenna, Power Quality Issues in Hybrid Power System, IEEE , 2001 [6] A. U. Brito, M. A. B. Galhardo, W. N. Macedo, J. T. Pinho POWER QUALITY ANALYSIS OF A SMALL PVWIND-DIESEL HYBRID SYSTEM IN THE COUNTRYSIDE OF THE STATE OF PAR-BRAZIL, 2004 [7] Lafsah Mat Daud , S.A Ghani and Noor Zirwatul Ahlam Naharuddin, Simulation Study Using SIMULINK/MATLAB on THD for PV Grid Connected System [8] Hugh Rudnick,Juan Dixon and Luis Morn Delivering Clean and Pure Power, IEEE, 2003 [9] Seul-Ki Kim, Eung-Sang Kim and Jong-Bo Ahn Modeling and Control of a Grid-connected Wind/PV Hybrid Generation System, IEEE, 2006 [10] Sheikh Mominul Islam, M. Tariq Iqbal, John E. Quaicoe Voltage Fluctuations in a Remote WindDiesel Hybrid Power System, IEEE, 2008 [11] http://www.wholesalesolar.com/Windy/MPPT-article.html [12] http://web.mit.edu/ [13] MATLAB Help. [14] http://www.batteryweb.com/manuals/techman.pdf