AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

THE COMPLETE SYSTEM

The complete system

The air conditioning and distribution system, this part of the system will generally have the means to heat, cool, humidify, dehumidify, clean, and distribute air to the various conditioned space in a zone. Central Mechanical Equipment
Air Handling Equipment Heating Equipment Refrigeration Equipment Pumps and piping Control and instrumentation

Note: normally, the equipment is located outside the conditioned area in a basement, on the roof, or in a service area at the core of the building.

A zone is a conditioned space under the control of a single thermostat. A thermostat is a control device that senses the space temperature and sends a correcting signal if that temperature is not within some desired range. A Chiller is used for cooling the secondary refrigerants. A Cooling tower is used to reject heat to the atmosphere by reducing the temperature of water circulated through condensers or other heat-rejection equipment. An air handling unit consists of the fan, the cooling coil of the refrigeration plant and air filters.

ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS

NO USE TODAY

This is the simplest form of an air conditioning system, assembled inside a casing suitable for installation on windows or wall openings. The assembly incorporates a refrigeration unit and a double shaft fan motor with fans mounted on both sides of the motor one on the evaporator side and the other for the air-cooled condenser.

Exploded view

Top view

Side view

SPLIT UNITS

In split units (split type), the indoor and outdoor sections of the room air conditioner are separated out into two casings or units. The indoor unit consists of the evaporator coil, evaporator blower with its own separate motor, capillary tube, control panel, air filter, supply and return grills etc. The outdoor unit has the other parts of the system like the compressor, air-cooled condenser, condenser fan and its own motor is installed outside.

Indoor and outdoor

multiple

DEHUMIDIFIERS
These

are used to lower the relative humidity of the room. Certain industrial applications warrant lower relative humidity levels than the levels that can be achieved by the standard air conditioning plant/unit. Consists of a refrigeration system, just like a room air conditioner, but only one fan instead of the two fans.

dehumidifier

PACKAGE AIR CONDITIONER

these can be considered as the bigger versions of the room air conditioners and are used for air conditioning loads beyond the capacity range of the room air conditioners. They are available in nominal capacities of 3, 5, 7 , 10 and 15 tonne.

Cross section view

CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING PLANTS

The central air conditioning system can be either of the direct or the indirect type. In the direct system, the air from the space to be air conditioned is circulated over the cooling coil (of a refrigeration plant) in which the low pressure refrigerant liquid is boiling. In the indirect system, chilled water or brine from the refrigeration plant is circulated through the cooling coil located in the air-handling unit to cool and dehumidify the room air.

DX SYSTEM (Direct-expansion system)

The

compressor and condenser of the refrigeration plant are located in a plant room near the air-handling unit room.

CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

The

compressor with its drive motor (or semihermatic compressor), the water-cooled condenser and the chiller (evaporator) are all assembled in a structural steel framework making a complete compact refrigeration plant, known as a chiller package.

AHU

COOLING TOWER

COOLING TOWER