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Davidovits in 1978. This inorganic alumino silicate polymer is synthesized from predominantly silicon and aluminium material of geological origin or by-product materials such as fly ash, chemicial composition of geopolymer materials are similar to Zeolite.
The fly ash which has high content of Silica (Si) and Alumina (Al) reacts with alkaline solution like Sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3) and forms a gel which binds the fine and coarse aggregates. Geo polymer concrete do not require any water for matrix bonding, instead the alkaline solution react with Silicon and Aluminium present in the flyash. The polymerisation process involves a substantially fast chemical reaction under alkaline condition on SiAl minerals.
ADVANTAGES OF GPC
The price of fly ash is low. Better compressive strength than opc Fire proof. Low permeability. Eco-friendly. Excellent properties with in both acid and salt
environments. It reduces CO2 emissions and make them a good alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement.
APPLICATIONS OF GPC
Pre-cast concrete products like
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
10 25 % cheaper than that of portland cement
concrete 1 tonne fly ash can produce 2.5 m3 of GPC 1 tonne fly ash earns one carbon-credit
husk ash, Red mud, etc. Alkaline Liquids: Sodium hydroxide with sodium silicate,Potassium hydroxide with potassium silicate. (It is used to induce the silicon and aluminum atoms in the source materials to dissolve and form a gel )
Robo sand is crushed aggregates produced from hard granite stone which is cubically shaped with grounded edges, washed and graded with consistency to be used as a substitute of river sand
growing concern for environment protection The most preferred alternative to river sand is the Robo sand
ROBO SAND
The grade of the robo sand used is Zone II
The robo sand contains flat bottomed edges The sand used is grey in colour
PREPARATION OF SOLUTION
The molecular weight of sodium hyd0xide(NaoH) is 23+16+1
For obtaining 8 molarity of sodium hydroxide 320
of 14 molarity solution here 560 gms (14*40) were used The solution is prepared 1 day before casting of cubes
Mix proportions
From previous studies two trail mixes were obtained i.e
Mix-I : 1:1.35:3.17 Mix II :1:1.39:3.20 Our required target strength is obtained through Mix II So Mix-II is adopted for our studies By keeping the mix proportions constant molarities have been varied
TRAIL MIXES
.
Materials Tail mix-1 (KG/M3) Trail mix-2 (KG/M3)
Coarse aggregates
20mm
12mm
914
406 408 554
914
406 408 554
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium silicate Super plastizer Molarity
70
130 20 8 molatity
70
130 10 14 molarity
compressive strength of geopolymer concrete in order to design the optimum mix. The size of each cube is 100*100*100.
Molarity 8 14 Compressive strength(N/mm2) 18 25
molarity solution is more .So trail mix 2 from the experimental programme is considered as optimum mix
OPTIMUM MIX
MATERIALS COARSE AGGREGATES 20mm 12mm FLY ASH FINE AGGREGATES SODIUM HYDROXIDE SODIUM SILICATE MIX -2 (kg/m^3)
SUPER PLASTIZER
MOLARITY
COMPARISION OF SLUMP
Conventional concrete
The slump value of
of geo polymer concrete with fine aggregate is 135 mm Where as the slump value of geo polymer concrete with robo sand is 140 mm
EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
CASTING:
Three cubes were casted for 7 days of size 150*150*150 mm and same were casted for 28 days with fine aggregate and robo sand Three cylinders were casted for 7 days and same were casted for 28 days with fine aggregate and robo sand
CURING:
sunlight curing is done for the cubes and cylinders at a temperature of 25-30 degrees Other than sunlight curing steam curing or oven curing can also be provided A temperature of around 70-80 degrees is provided for the steam curing for 24 hours to attain compressive strength of 28 days
TEST RESULTS
FOR FINE AGGREGATE:
S.NO COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CUBE (MPa) 7 DAYS 1 2 3 4 5 6 22.5 21.75 22.10 _ _ _ 28 DAYS _ _ _ 29.28 28.27 28.73 TENSILE STRENGTH OF CYLINDER (MPa) 7 DAYS 7.84 7.14 8.5 _ _ _ 28 DAYS _ _ _ 10.19 9.28 11.05
TEST RESULTS
FOR ROBO SAND:
S.NO COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CUBES (MPa) 7 DAYS 1 2 3 4 19.8 19.6 20.2 _ 28 DAYS _ TENSILE STRENGTH OF CYLINDERS (Mpa) 7 DAYS 5.88 6.02 5.90 _ 28 DAYS _ _ _ 8.4
_ 25.74
5 6
_ _
25.48 26.26
_ _
8.6 8.43
CONCLUSIONS
GPC attains higher early strength than conventional
concrete Density of GPC is similar to that of OPC Slump value of GPC with fine aggregate is less than GPC with robo sand Higher concentration of NaOH solution results in higher strength The compressive strength of GPC with river sand is more than GPC with robo sand at 28 days Split tensile strength of GPC with river sand is more than GPC with robo sand at 28 days Split tensile strength is more than OPC
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