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PERCEPTION

Our Amazing Eye

When light rays reflect off an object, they are refracted the most at the cornea into the pupil to be focused onto the retina. The light rays are fine tuned at the lens of our eyes where a little refraction would occur again to focus it onto the fovea at the center of the macula which is the region of our eye which possesses sharp, clear straight ahead vision.

Our Amazing Eye (cont.)

The iris of the eye helps to control the amount of rays that enter the eye for a clearer image.

Our eyelid helps to wipe dust off the eyeball and spread tears over the eyeball to keep it moist and clean.

Interpreting Signals
An image is first perceived by the eyes when light rays reflect off an object and is focused onto the retina Photoreceptors (rods and cones) are stimulated and the nerve impulse is transmitted to the brain where it interprets the information.

We Have Only 1 Nose and 1 Mouth. Why Do You Think We Have 2 Eyes?

Think.

The brain takes the picture seen by each eye and combines them to make one picture. Sometimes our brain is tricked into seeing things that arent real. These are called optical illusions.

Optical Illusion 1

Stare at the cross for around 10s. What do you observe?

Optical Illusion 1
Why does this happen?
The green dot is an afterimage, which is a visual impression that remains in the retina after the initial stimulus (pink dot) is removed. The colour of the afterimage is always complementary to those of that original image, according to the opponent colour theory. (Black to white, red to green, blue to yellow. And vice-versa)
In this case, the pink image produces a green afterimage. The pink colour tires out the pink photoreceptors, so they produce a weaker signal. Anything resulting in less pink, is interpreted as its paired primary colour, which is green.

Optical Illusion 2

Now stare at the black dot in the centre for a few seconds. What do you observe?

Optical Illusion 2
Why does this happen?
This is due to retinal fatigue which occurs when the afterimage of an object cancels the stimulus of the object on the retina. The effect is most obvious when the objects do not have welldefined edges that can be detected by small eye movements.

Optical Illusion 3

Move your head closer and further away from the screen while looking at the dot in the center.

Optical Illusion 3
Why does this happen?
Our peripheral vision interprets the relative increase or decrease of the image in the retina as rotational motion of the slanted lines. Therefore, the circles appear to rotate.

Optical Illusion 4
This Is a Bunny/duck Illusion. Do You See the Bunny and the Duck?

Optical Illusion 5
Do you see a vase or something more?

Optical Illusion 6
A Man With Ivy Leaves Around Him, but Do You See a Couple Kissing?

Optical Illusion 4
This Says the Word Liar, but Is There Something More?

What we perceive may not always be what it really is

Conclusion
See our fascinating our eyes and brain are???