The Europeans Colonize the Americas

The Spanish Empire in the Americas

After the conquest of the Americas, Spain, Portugal, and other countries established colonies in the Western Hemisphere. Imperialism domination by one country over the political and economic life of another country (creating an empire)

 Which regions did the following countries control? Spain Portugal France England

Social Structure of the Americas

The social structure in the colonies reflected the power relations between the dominant imperial country and the weaker colony.

How did the Spanish control life in the Americas?

 Fill in your Graphic Organizer using the following slides

 Creoles American born descendants of Spanish settlers in the Americas. Mulattoes mixed race; people of African and European descent. Native Americans - both parents Native to the Americas African Americans both parents of African origin

Religion
Catholic Church converted native Americans to Christianity Missionaries people sent on a religious mission to convert non-believers; they built churches, taught the locals European culture/language

Government
Council of Indies council in Spain that passed laws for the colonies. Viceroys appointed by king to be the ruler of the colony

Economy
Trade - colony viewed a source of raw materials for the mother country Plantations - large estates grow cash crops such as sugar and cotton for export Encomiendas The right to demand labor from natives in a given area

Slavery
Peons workers who labor to pay off debt they have accumulated Africans imported to fill labor shortages

 Which region in the Americas imported the most Africans? Which region imported the second most? Why do you think so many slaves were imported to the colonies?

Spanish Enslavement

African Captives in Yokes

Slave Trade in the Congo

Black Gold for Sale!

Slave Ship Plan

The Middle Passage

The Triangle Trade

Mercantilism
European Economic policy after the discovery of Americas and Indian Ocean Goal: Increase wealth of the Mother country How?
Acquire gold, silver, and raw materials from the colony Export more goods to the colony than the Mother country imports

Colonies exist for the mother country. Their role is to

Buy goods Sell raw materials

The Columbian Exchange

Why is the graphic called the Columbian Exchange ? What are your three favorite examples of cultural diffusion that were transported from the East to the West?

Columbus Legacy
How should Columbus be remembered as a hero or a villain?

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization

Explorers

Official European Colony!